Difference between revisions of "Placenta"

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Placenta (view source)

Revision as of 02:23, 22 January 2014

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→‎Fetal thrombotic vasculopathy
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**''Fetal artery stem thrombosis''.
**''Fetal artery stem thrombosis''.
*The multitude of terms reflects the confusion about this finding and that it has numerous etiologies.<ref name=pmid19237859/>
*The multitude of terms reflects the confusion about this finding and that it has numerous etiologies.<ref name=pmid19237859/>
===General===
{{Main|Fetal thrombotic vasculopathy}}
*May cause [[IUGR]].
*Associated with cerebral palsy and common in perinatal deaths.<ref name=pmid10414494>{{cite journal |author=Kraus FT, Acheen VI |title=Fetal thrombotic vasculopathy in the placenta: cerebral thrombi and infarcts, coagulopathies, and cerebral palsy |journal=Hum. Pathol. |volume=30 |issue=7 |pages=759–69 |year=1999 |month=July |pmid=10414494 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*Mother may have a prothrombotic condition.<ref name=pmid24108664>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Magnetti | first1 = F. | last2 = Bagna | first2 = R. | last3 = Botta | first3 = G. | last4 = Viano | first4 = A. | last5 = Dorati | first5 = G. | last6 = Raia | first6 = M. | last7 = Bertino | first7 = E. | last8 = Saracco | first8 = P. | title = Fetal Thrombotic Vasculopathy and Perinatal Thrombosis: Should all Placentas be Examined? | journal = Am J Perinatol | volume =  | issue =  | pages =  | month = Oct | year = 2013 | doi = 10.1055/s-0033-1357267 | PMID = 24108664 }}</ref>
 
===Microscopic===
Features:<ref name=pmid10414494>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Kraus | first1 = FT. | last2 = Acheen | first2 = VI. | title = Fetal thrombotic vasculopathy in the placenta: cerebral thrombi and infarcts, coagulopathies, and cerebral palsy. | journal = Hum Pathol | volume = 30 | issue = 7 | pages = 759-69 | month = Jul | year = 1999 | doi =  | PMID = 10414494 }}</ref>
*Thrombus in the fetal vasculature +/- recanalization.
**Eosinophilic (light pink on H&E), moderately granular intravascular material (fibrin) with layering.
*Clustered fibrotic villi without blood vessels - '''key feature'''.
**This is a chronic change.
 
====Images====
www:
*[http://jcp.bmj.com/content/61/12/1254/F8.large.jpg FTV (bmj.com)].<ref>URL: [http://jcp.bmj.com/content/61/12/1254.abstract http://jcp.bmj.com/content/61/12/1254.abstract]. Accessed on: 12 January 2011.</ref>
*[http://gut.bmj.com/content/41/3/354/F3.large.jpg Thrombus - rat (bmj.com)].<ref>URL: [http://gut.bmj.com/content/41/3/354.full http://gut.bmj.com/content/41/3/354.full]. Accessed on: 12 January 2011.</ref>
*[http://www.womenandinfants.org/fertilityandpregnancy/images/FTV.Fig.4a.jpg FTV - low mag. (womenandinfants.org)].<ref>URL: [http://www.womenandinfants.org/fertilityandpregnancy/current-topics-in-perinatal-pathology.cfm http://www.womenandinfants.org/fertilityandpregnancy/current-topics-in-perinatal-pathology.cfm]. Accessed on: 17 December 2012.</ref>
*[http://www.womenandinfants.org/fertilityandpregnancy/images/FTV.Fig.4b.jpg FTV - high mag. (womenandinfants.org)].
<gallery>
Image:Fetal_thrombotic_vasculopathy_-_intermed_mag.jpg | FTV - intermed. mag. (WC)
Image:Fetal_thrombotic_vasculopathy_-_high_mag.jpg | FTV - high mag. (WC)
</gallery>
 
===Sign out===
<pre>
PLACENTA, UMBILICAL CORD AND FETAL MEMBRANES, BIRTH:
- FETAL THROMBOTIC VASCULOPATHY, SEE COMMENT.
- PLACENTAL DISC WITH THIRD TRIMESTER VILLI INCREASED PERIVILLOUS FIBRIN DEPOSITION
  AND CALCIFICATIONS.
- PLACENTAL INFARCT (1.5 CM IN MAXIMAL DIMENSION).
- THREE VESSEL UMBILICAL CORD WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS.
- FETAL MEMBRANES WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS.
 
COMMENT:
Mother and baby should be worked up for prothrombotic conditions.
</pre>


==Hemorrhagic endovasculitis==
==Hemorrhagic endovasculitis==
Michael
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