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Difference between revisions of "Heart valves"
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===Gross=== | ===Gross=== | ||
*"Fish-mouth appearance". | *"Fish-mouth appearance". | ||
**Slit-like morphology; | **Slit-like morphology; elliptical cross-sectional flow area (mitral valve) has an abnormally small semi-minor axis<ref>URL: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellipse http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellipse]. Accessed on: 13 November 2010.</ref> axis due to valve thickening. | ||
**Image: [http://www.principia-eng.com/services/construction/IMG_3098.jpg Fish-mouth appearance ( | **Image: [http://www.principia-eng.com/services/construction/IMG_3098.jpg Fish-mouth appearance - pipe (principia-eng.com)]. | ||
*Significant valvular thickening. | *Significant valvular thickening. | ||
*Thickening of the cordae tendinae. | *Thickening of the cordae tendinae. | ||
*Images: | *Images: | ||
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rheumatic_heart_disease,_gross_pathology_20G0013_lores.jpg Rheumatic heart disease at autopsy - showing valvular thickening and thickening of the cordae tendinae] | ** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rheumatic_heart_disease,_gross_pathology_20G0013_lores.jpg Rheumatic heart disease at autopsy - showing valvular thickening and thickening of the cordae tendinae (WP)]. | ||
**[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aortic_stenosis_rheumatic,_gross_pathology_20G0014_lores.jpg Rheumatic heart disease - showing valvular thickening | **[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aortic_stenosis_rheumatic,_gross_pathology_20G0014_lores.jpg Rheumatic heart disease - showing valvular thickening - aortic valve (WP)]. | ||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
Features:<ref name=Ref_PBoD593>{{Ref PBoD|593}}</ref> | Features:<ref name=Ref_PBoD593>{{Ref PBoD|593}}</ref> | ||
*Caterpillar cell ( | *Caterpillar cell ([[AKA]] Anitschkow cells) | ||
**Abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. | **Abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. | ||
**Moderately-poorly defined cell border. | **Moderately-poorly defined cell border. | ||
**Well-defined central ovoid nucleus with a prominent wavy ribbon-like chromatin -- looks vaguely like a caterpillar with some | **Well-defined central ovoid nucleus with a prominent wavy ribbon-like chromatin -- looks vaguely like a caterpillar with some imagination. | ||
**Pathognomonic for rheumatic fever. | **Pathognomonic for rheumatic fever. | ||