Difference between revisions of "Anus"

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Anus (view source)

Revision as of 01:27, 20 December 2013

1,667 bytes removed ,  01:27, 20 December 2013
→‎Hemorrhoids: split-out
Tag: Mobile edit
(→‎Hemorrhoids: split-out)
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==Hemorrhoids==
==Hemorrhoids==
===General===
{{Main|Hemorrhoid}}
*Benign.
 
Clinical features:<ref>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Cazemier | first1 = M. | last2 = Felt-Bersma | first2 = RJ. | last3 = Cuesta | first3 = MA. | last4 = Mulder | first4 = CJ. | title = Elastic band ligation of hemorrhoids: flexible gastroscope or rigid proctoscope? | journal = World J Gastroenterol | volume = 13 | issue = 4 | pages = 585-7 | month = Jan | year = 2007 | doi =  | PMID = 17278225 }}</ref>
*Bright red blood per rectum (BRBPR).
*Pain.
*Itching.
*Prolapse.
 
===Gross===
Features:<ref name=Ref_GLP401>{{Ref GLP|401}}</ref>
*Grey mucosa.
*Pale or purple stroma.
 
===Microscopic===
Features:<ref name=Ref_GLP401>{{Ref GLP|401}}</ref>
*Polypoid lesion - epithelium on three sides:
**Large dilated veins and thick-walled vessels +/- fibrin thrombi - '''key feature'''.
**Edema.
**Squamous epithelium +/- keratinization ''or'' columnar epithelium.
 
DDx:
*[[Fibroepithelial polyp]].
*Vascular lesions.
**[[Kaposi sarcoma]].
**[[Angiosarcoma]].
**[[Arteriovenous malformation]] - has large arteries.
 
Image:
*[http://www.profimedia.si/picture/longitudinal-section-of-human-rectum-hemorrhoid-tissue/0039860546/ Hemorrhoids (profimedia.si)].
 
===Sign out===
<pre>
ANAL LESION, REMOVAL:
- HEMORRHOID.
</pre>
 
<pre>
HEMORRHOIDS, EXCISION:
- HEMORRHOIDS.
</pre>
 
====Micro====
The sections show rectal and anal mucosa, and a submucosa with prominent blood vessels in a fibrotic stroma.  The rectal mucosa has focal reactive nuclear changes and evidence of prior erosions. The anal mucosa is unremarkable.
 
=====Anal mucosa only=====
The sections show anal mucosa, and submucosa with prominent blood vessels in a
fibrotic stroma. The anal mucosa is unremarkable.


=Anal neoplasia=
=Anal neoplasia=
Michael
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