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Difference between revisions of "Radiation changes"
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{{ Infobox diagnosis | |||
| Name = {{PAGENAME}} | |||
| Image = Radiation changes -- high mag.jpg | |||
| Width = | |||
| Caption = Radiation changes. [[H&E stain]]. | |||
| Micro = cytoplasmic vacuolation (usually abundant), enlarged nuclei - but usu. normal [[NC ratio]], no nuclear membrane irregularies, chromatin "smudgy", +/-multinucleation, +/-fibrosis (chronic change), +/-edema (acute change) | |||
| Subtypes = | |||
| LMDDx = [[pleomorphic tumours]] - esp. [[sarcoma]]s, poorly differentiated carcinomas, drug/toxin effect | |||
| Stains = | |||
| IHC = Ki-67 low, pankeratin -ve (usu.) | |||
| EM = | |||
| Molecular = | |||
| IF = | |||
| Gross = | |||
| Grossing = | |||
| Site = pretty much anywhere | |||
| Assdx = | |||
| Syndromes = | |||
| Clinicalhx = history of radiation treatment/exposure - important for the diagnosis | |||
| Signs = | |||
| Symptoms = | |||
| Prevalence = | |||
| Bloodwork = | |||
| Rads = | |||
| Endoscopy = | |||
| Prognosis = benign | |||
| Other = | |||
| ClinDDx = recurrance, infection, new malignancy | |||
}} | |||
'''Radiation changes''', also '''radiation effect''', are seen occasionally by [[pathologist]]s. They are usually a result of prior (radiation) treatments. The history is important in making this diagnosis | '''Radiation changes''', also '''radiation effect''', are seen occasionally by [[pathologist]]s. They are usually a result of prior (radiation) treatments. The history is important in making this diagnosis | ||
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Important note: | Important note: | ||
*The atypical cells are stromal cells; these survive the radiation. The epithelium is usually normal in the context of chronic changes. | |||
*Pleomorphism is often suggestive of malignancy. Paradoxically, in the context of radiation, less pleomorphic (clonal-appearing) cells may be malignant! | *Pleomorphism is often suggestive of malignancy. Paradoxically, in the context of radiation, less pleomorphic (clonal-appearing) cells may be malignant! | ||