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Difference between revisions of "Urothelium"
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**Rajcani ''et al.'':<ref name=pmid23944616>{{Cite journal | last1 = Rajcani | first1 = J. | last2 = Kajo | first2 = K. | last3 = Adamkov | first3 = M. | last4 = Moravekova | first4 = E. | last5 = Lauko | first5 = L. | last6 = Felcanova | first6 = D. | last7 = Bencat | first7 = M. | title = Immunohistochemical characterization of urothelial carcinoma. | journal = Bratisl Lek Listy | volume = 114 | issue = 8 | pages = 431-8 | month = | year = 2013 | doi = | PMID = 23944616 }}</ref> <25% of tumour cells for low-grade versus >50% tumour cell for high-grade. | **Rajcani ''et al.'':<ref name=pmid23944616>{{Cite journal | last1 = Rajcani | first1 = J. | last2 = Kajo | first2 = K. | last3 = Adamkov | first3 = M. | last4 = Moravekova | first4 = E. | last5 = Lauko | first5 = L. | last6 = Felcanova | first6 = D. | last7 = Bencat | first7 = M. | title = Immunohistochemical characterization of urothelial carcinoma. | journal = Bratisl Lek Listy | volume = 114 | issue = 8 | pages = 431-8 | month = | year = 2013 | doi = | PMID = 23944616 }}</ref> <25% of tumour cells for low-grade versus >50% tumour cell for high-grade. | ||
**Pich ''et al.'':<ref name=pmid7910097>{{Cite journal | last1 = Pich | first1 = A. | last2 = Chiusa | first2 = L. | last3 = Comino | first3 = A. | last4 = Navone | first4 = R. | title = Cell proliferation indices, morphometry and DNA flow cytometry provide objective criteria for distinguishing low and high grade bladder carcinomas. | journal = Virchows Arch | volume = 424 | issue = 2 | pages = 143-8 | month = | year = 1994 | doi = | PMID = 7910097 }}</ref> 11%/17% for G1/G2 versus 34% for G3. | **Pich ''et al.'':<ref name=pmid7910097>{{Cite journal | last1 = Pich | first1 = A. | last2 = Chiusa | first2 = L. | last3 = Comino | first3 = A. | last4 = Navone | first4 = R. | title = Cell proliferation indices, morphometry and DNA flow cytometry provide objective criteria for distinguishing low and high grade bladder carcinomas. | journal = Virchows Arch | volume = 424 | issue = 2 | pages = 143-8 | month = | year = 1994 | doi = | PMID = 7910097 }}</ref> 11%/17% for G1/G2 versus 34% for G3. | ||
*p53 +ve - more common in pT2 than pT1 and HGPUC than LGPUC... but not useful to definitively separate.<ref name=pmid23924551>{{Cite journal | last1 = Koyuncuer | first1 = A. | title = Immunohistochemical expression of p63, p53 in urinary bladder carcinoma. | journal = Indian J Pathol Microbiol | volume = 56 | issue = 1 | pages = 10-5 | month = | year = | doi = 10.4103/0377-4929.116141 | PMID = 23924551 }}</ref> | |||
===Molecular=== | ===Molecular=== | ||