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Difference between revisions of "Glioblastoma"
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'''Glioblastoma''' a very common malignant [[brain tumour]] in adults. | |||
It was previously known as ''glioblastoma multiforme'', abbreviated ''GBM''. | |||
==General== | |||
*Median survival is measured in months.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Jubelirer | first1 = SJ. | title = A review of the treatment and survival rates of 138 patients with glioblastoma multiforme. | journal = W V Med J | volume = 92 | issue = 4 | pages = 186-90 | month = | year = | doi = | PMID = 8772403 }}</ref> | |||
*Only about 5% can expect to survive more than three years.<ref name=pmid17785346>{{Cite journal | last1 = Krex | first1 = D. | last2 = Klink | first2 = B. | last3 = Hartmann | first3 = C. | last4 = von Deimling | first4 = A. | last5 = Pietsch | first5 = T. | last6 = Simon | first6 = M. | last7 = Sabel | first7 = M. | last8 = Steinbach | first8 = JP. | last9 = Heese | first9 = O. | title = Long-term survival with glioblastoma multiforme. | journal = Brain | volume = 130 | issue = Pt 10 | pages = 2596-606 | month = Oct | year = 2007 | doi = 10.1093/brain/awm204 | PMID = 17785346 }}</ref> | |||
==Microscopic== | |||
Features: | |||
*Astrocytic tumour with: | |||
**Nuclear atypia. | |||
**Necrosis. | |||
**Endothelial proliferation (AKA microvascular proliferation). | |||
**+/-"Pseudopalisading necrosis" - tumour cells lined-up like a picket fence around necrotic areas. | |||
===Images=== | |||
*www: | |||
**[http://moon.ouhsc.edu/kfung/jty1/OPAQ/PathQuiz/PQ-Images/N0A002-1.gif Microvascular proliferation in a GBM (ouhsc.edu)]. | |||
**[http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/64/3/920/F7.expansion.html Pseudopalisading necrosis in GBM (aacrjournals.org)]. | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image:Glioblastoma_with_extreme_nuclear_enlargement_-_very_high_mag.jpg | Extreme nuclear enlargement in a GBM - very high mag. (WC) | |||
Image:Glioblastoma_-_high_mag.jpg | GBM juxtaposed with near normal white matter - high mag. (WC) | |||
</gallery> | |||
===IHC=== | |||
*GFAP +ve (cytoplasm). | |||
*IDH-1 -ve. | |||
**+ve if developed from lower grade astrocytoma. (???) | |||
==See also== | |||
*[[Astrocytoma]]. | |||
*[[Neuropathology tumours]]. | |||
*[[Neuropathology]]. | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
[[Category:Diagnosis]] | [[Category:Diagnosis]] | ||
[[Category:Neuropathology]] | |||
[[Category:Neuropathology tumours]] | |||