Difference between revisions of "Vas deferens"

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Vas deferens (view source)

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==Vasitis nodosa==
==Vasitis nodosa==
===General===
{{Main|Vasitis nodosa}}
*Classically develops post-vasovasostomy ([[vasectomy]] reversal).<ref name=pmid3366928>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Hirschowitz | first1 = L. | last2 = Rode | first2 = J. | last3 = Guillebaud | first3 = J. | last4 = Bounds | first4 = W. | last5 = Moss | first5 = E. | title = Vasitis nodosa and associated clinical findings. | journal = J Clin Pathol | volume = 41 | issue = 4 | pages = 419-23 | month = Apr | year = 1988 | doi =  | PMID = 3366928 | PMC=1141468 }}</ref>
**Seen in association with other surgical procedures.
**May be seen in the context of infertility (without prior vasectomy).
*Some similarity to [[salpingitis isthmica nodosa]].<ref name=pmid3366928/>
 
===Gross===
*Mass.
 
===Microscopic===
Features:<ref name=pmid3366928/>
*Tubules in wall of vas deferens.
**Lined by columnar/cuboidal epithelium.
***May have mitotic activity.
***Nucleoli.
***Contain sperm - small, dark staining, teardrop-shaped (~1 micrometer) - '''key feature'''.
****The tail is rarely seen completely in the plane of section.
*+/-[[Sperm granuloma]]s.
**Histocytes - abundant foamy cytoplasm.
**Sperm - small, dark staining, teardrop-shaped (~1 micrometer).
 
DDx:
*[[Metastatic]] carcinoma, especially [[prostate carcinoma]].
 
Notes:
*Can be confused with [[prostatic adenocarcinoma]]:<ref name=pmid3984936>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Balogh | first1 = K. | last2 = Travis | first2 = WD. | title = Benign vascular invasion in vasitis nodosa. | journal = Am J Clin Pathol | volume = 83 | issue = 4 | pages = 426-30 | month = Apr | year = 1985 | doi =  | PMID = 3984936 }}</ref>
**May "invade" vascular spaces - associated with elastosis (breakdown of elastic fibres<ref>URL: [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/elastosis http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/elastosis]. Accessed on: 26 September 2011.</ref>).
 
====Image====
<gallery>
Image: Vasitis nodosa -11- intermed mag.jpg | VN - intermed. mag. (WC)
Image: Vasitis nodosa -12- intermed mag.jpg | VN - intermed. mag. (WC)
Image: Vasitis nodosa -11- high mag.jpg | VN - high mag. (WC)
Image: Vasitis nodosa -12- high mag.jpg | VN - high mag. (WC)
Image: Vasitis nodosa -11- very high mag.jpg | VN - very high mag. (WC)
</gallery>
<gallery>
Image: Vasitis nodosa -21- high mag.jpg | VN - high mag. (WC)
Image: Vasitis nodosa -21- very high mag.jpg | VN - Very high mag. (WC)
</gallery>
www:
*[http://www.webpathology.com/image.asp?n=11&Case=40 Vasitis nodosa (webpathology.com)].
 
===IHC===
*PSA -ve.
*PSAP -ve.
 
===Sign out===
<pre>
A. VAS DEFERENS WITH GRANULOMA, RIGHT, VASOVASOSTOMY:
- VASITIS NODOSA AND SPERM GRANULOMAS.
- COMPLETE CROSS SECTION OF VAS DEFERENS.
 
B. VAS DEFERENS WITH GRANULOMA, LEFT, VASOVASOSTOMY:
- VASITIS NODOSA AND SPERM GRANULOMAS.
- COMPLETE CROSS SECTION OF VAS DEFERENS.
</pre>


==Bilateral absence of the vas deferens==
==Bilateral absence of the vas deferens==
Michael
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