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| ==Vasitis nodosa== | | ==Vasitis nodosa== |
| ===General===
| | {{Main|Vasitis nodosa}} |
| *Classically develops post-vasovasostomy ([[vasectomy]] reversal).<ref name=pmid3366928>{{Cite journal | last1 = Hirschowitz | first1 = L. | last2 = Rode | first2 = J. | last3 = Guillebaud | first3 = J. | last4 = Bounds | first4 = W. | last5 = Moss | first5 = E. | title = Vasitis nodosa and associated clinical findings. | journal = J Clin Pathol | volume = 41 | issue = 4 | pages = 419-23 | month = Apr | year = 1988 | doi = | PMID = 3366928 | PMC=1141468 }}</ref>
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| **Seen in association with other surgical procedures.
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| **May be seen in the context of infertility (without prior vasectomy).
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| *Some similarity to [[salpingitis isthmica nodosa]].<ref name=pmid3366928/>
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| ===Gross===
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| *Mass.
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| ===Microscopic===
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| Features:<ref name=pmid3366928/>
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| *Tubules in wall of vas deferens.
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| **Lined by columnar/cuboidal epithelium.
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| ***May have mitotic activity.
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| ***Nucleoli.
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| ***Contain sperm - small, dark staining, teardrop-shaped (~1 micrometer) - '''key feature'''.
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| ****The tail is rarely seen completely in the plane of section.
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| *+/-[[Sperm granuloma]]s.
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| **Histocytes - abundant foamy cytoplasm.
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| **Sperm - small, dark staining, teardrop-shaped (~1 micrometer).
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| DDx:
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| *[[Metastatic]] carcinoma, especially [[prostate carcinoma]].
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| Notes:
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| *Can be confused with [[prostatic adenocarcinoma]]:<ref name=pmid3984936>{{Cite journal | last1 = Balogh | first1 = K. | last2 = Travis | first2 = WD. | title = Benign vascular invasion in vasitis nodosa. | journal = Am J Clin Pathol | volume = 83 | issue = 4 | pages = 426-30 | month = Apr | year = 1985 | doi = | PMID = 3984936 }}</ref>
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| **May "invade" vascular spaces - associated with elastosis (breakdown of elastic fibres<ref>URL: [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/elastosis http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/elastosis]. Accessed on: 26 September 2011.</ref>).
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| ====Image====
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| <gallery>
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| Image: Vasitis nodosa -11- intermed mag.jpg | VN - intermed. mag. (WC)
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| Image: Vasitis nodosa -12- intermed mag.jpg | VN - intermed. mag. (WC)
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| Image: Vasitis nodosa -11- high mag.jpg | VN - high mag. (WC)
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| Image: Vasitis nodosa -12- high mag.jpg | VN - high mag. (WC)
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| Image: Vasitis nodosa -11- very high mag.jpg | VN - very high mag. (WC)
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| </gallery>
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| <gallery>
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| Image: Vasitis nodosa -21- high mag.jpg | VN - high mag. (WC)
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| Image: Vasitis nodosa -21- very high mag.jpg | VN - Very high mag. (WC)
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| </gallery>
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| www:
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| *[http://www.webpathology.com/image.asp?n=11&Case=40 Vasitis nodosa (webpathology.com)].
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| ===IHC===
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| *PSA -ve.
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| *PSAP -ve.
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| ===Sign out===
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| <pre>
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| A. VAS DEFERENS WITH GRANULOMA, RIGHT, VASOVASOSTOMY:
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| - VASITIS NODOSA AND SPERM GRANULOMAS.
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| - COMPLETE CROSS SECTION OF VAS DEFERENS.
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| B. VAS DEFERENS WITH GRANULOMA, LEFT, VASOVASOSTOMY:
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| - VASITIS NODOSA AND SPERM GRANULOMAS.
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| - COMPLETE CROSS SECTION OF VAS DEFERENS.
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| </pre>
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| ==Bilateral absence of the vas deferens== | | ==Bilateral absence of the vas deferens== |