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==Distance of shooter== | ==Distance of shooter== | ||
Contact | ===Contact=== | ||
*Muzzle impression. | *Muzzle impression. | ||
*Stellate splitting/tearing of the skin -- especially if it overlies a bony surface. | *Stellate splitting/tearing of the skin -- especially if it overlies a bony surface. | ||
*Soot/gun powder residue - deep in the wound. | *Soot/gun powder residue - deep in the wound. | ||
Close range | ===Close range=== | ||
*Stippling (tattooing) - punctate abrasions around the entrance wound.<ref name=Ref_HoFP135>{{Ref HoFP|135</ref> | *Stippling (tattooing) - punctate abrasions around the entrance wound.<ref name=Ref_HoFP135>{{Ref HoFP|135}}</ref> | ||
**Suggests a distance <= 60 cm (rim fire cartridge), <= 90-120 cm (centrefire cartridge).<ref name= | **Suggests a distance > 1 cm ''and'' <= 60 cm (rim fire cartridge), > 1 cm ''and'' <= 90-120 cm (centrefire cartridge).<ref name=Ref_HoFP139>{{Ref HoFP|139}}</ref> | ||
*Soot/gun powder residue - dirt at the entrance, can be wiped-off. | *Soot/gun powder residue - dirt at the entrance, can be wiped-off. | ||
Distant | ===Distant=== | ||
*No soot. | *No soot. | ||
*No stippling. | *No stippling. | ||
Notes: | |||
*Absence of soot & stippling does '''not exclude''' near range -- may be assoc. with clothing or intermediate target separated from the victim post-injury. | *Absence of soot & stippling does '''not exclude''' near range -- may be assoc. with clothing or intermediate target separated from the victim post-injury. | ||
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