Difference between revisions of "Chondro-osseous tumours"

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Chondro-osseous tumours (view source)

Revision as of 02:14, 30 September 2010

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split-out non-tumour stuffs in bone
(→‎General: wikify)
(split-out non-tumour stuffs in bone)
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'''Bone''' occasionally crosses the desk of the pathologist.  Primary bone tumours are rare; the most common bone tumour is metastases.<ref name=Ref_WMSP632>{{Ref WMSP|632}}</ref>   
'''Bone tumours''' occasionally cross the desk of the pathologist.  Primary bone tumours are rare; the most common bone tumour is metastases.<ref name=Ref_WMSP632>{{Ref WMSP|632}}</ref>   


Bone tumours occasionally are lumped with soft tissue tumours.  Soft tissue tumours are dealt with in the ''[[soft tissue lesions]]'' article.
Bone tumours occasionally are lumped with soft tissue tumours.  Soft tissue tumours are dealt with in the ''[[soft tissue lesions]]'' article.  An introduction to bone is found in the ''[[bone]]'' article.


=Normal=
==General==
*Normal bone has osteocytes.
**If the osteocytes are missing... the bone is dead.
 
*Osteoblasts - make bone.
*Osteoclasts - destroy bone.
 
Memory device: 'b' before 'c'.
==Diagnosing bone tumours==
*Diagnosis should not be made without radiologic & clinical information.
*Diagnosis should not be made without radiologic & clinical information.
===Bone marrow===
*Fat content (%) ~= age (in years)<ref>IAV. 26 Feb 2009.</ref>
**e.g. 60 year old will have 60% fatty replacement.
*Should see three cell lines.
**The cell lines:<ref>[http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/199003-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/199003-overview]</ref>
***Erythroid (red cells),
***Myeloid (white blood cells),
***Megakaryocytic (platelets).
Note: Lymphocytes are considered separately and typically spared in bone marrow failure.<ref>[http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/199003-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/199003-overview]</ref>
Identifying the lines:<ref>[http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Hematopoiesis_%28human%29_diagram.png http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Hematopoiesis_%28human%29_diagram.png]</ref>
#Megakaryocytes:
#*Big cells ~ 3x the size of a RBC.
#Normoblasts (RBC precursors):
#*Hyperchromatic, i.e. blue, nucleus.
#Myeloid line:
#*Granules.
#*Reniform nucleus, i.e. kidney bean shaped nucleus.
Images:
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bone_marrow_WBC.JPG Myeloid line (WC)].
====Organization====
*Mature hematopoeitic cells at the centre (distant from bone).
*Immature hematopoeitic cells adjacent to the bone.
=Infectious=
==Osteomyelitis==
General
*Hematogenous - often in children.
*Direct entry (skin defect) - adults with diabetes.
===Microscopic===
*PMNs.
==Chronic osteomyelitis==
*Plasma cells.
**May be sterile, i.e. no organisms.
=Bone tumours=
==General==
*Metastasis:primary bone tumours = >20:1.<ref name=Ref_WMSP632>{{Ref WMSP|632}}</ref>
*Metastasis:primary bone tumours = >20:1.<ref name=Ref_WMSP632>{{Ref WMSP|632}}</ref>


Michael
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