Difference between revisions of "Vas deferens"

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-The '''vas deferens''' are often seen as part of a [[prostate gland|prostatectomy]] specimen.<ref>URL: [http://www.upmccancercenters.com/cancer/prostate/radprostretropubic.html http://www.upmccancercenters.com/cancer/prostate/radprostretropubic.html]. Accessed on: 26 September 2011.</ref>  They are the component of the [[spermatic cord]] that carries the sperm. They seldom arrive alone.
+The '''vas deferens''' are often seen as part of a [[prostate gland|prostatectomy]] specimen.<ref>URL: [http://www.upmccancercenters.com/cancer/prostate/radprostretropubic.html http://www.upmccancercenters.com/cancer/prostate/radprostretropubic.html]. Accessed on: 26 September 2011.</ref>  They are the component of the [[spermatic cord]] that carries the sperm.
+They often arrive alone -- removed for family planning ([[vasectomy]]).
 ==Normal vas deferens==
@@ Line 15: / Line 17: @@
 *Surface should be inked.
 ===Microscopic===
-Features:
+Features:<ref name=pmid19926581/>
-*Tubular structure - two muscle layers.
+*Tubular structure - three muscle layers.
-**Inner circular.
+**Inner longitudinal (thin).
-**Outer longitudinal.
+**Middle circular (thick).
-*Epithelium = simple, columnar, ciliated.
+**Outer longitudinal (thick).
+*Epithelium
+**Apical cells = columnar, ciliated.
+**Basal cells = cuboidal.
 Note:
 *Muscle layers - like in bowel.
-*Lumen must be completely visualized in the plane of section.
+*A complete loop of epithelium should be visualized in the plane of section.
 DDx:
@@ Line 39: / Line 44: @@
 <pre>
 A. VAS DEFERENS, RIGHT, VASECTOMY:
-- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS, COMPLETE CROSS SECTION PRESENT.
+- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS, LOOP OF EPITHELIUM AND MUSCLE LAYERS PRESENT.
 B. VAS DEFERENS, LEFT, VASECTOMY:
-- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS, COMPLETE CROSS SECTION PRESENT.
+- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS, LOOP OF EPITHELIUM AND MUSCLE LAYERS PRESENT.
 </pre>
@@ Line 48: / Line 53: @@
 <pre>
 A. VAS DEFERENS, LEFT, VASECTOMY:
-- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS, COMPLETE CROSS SECTION PRESENT.
+- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS, LOOP OF EPITHELIUM AND MUSCLE LAYERS PRESENT.
 B. VAS DEFERENS, RIGHT, VASECTOMY:
-- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS, COMPLETE CROSS SECTION PRESENT.
+- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS, LOOP OF EPITHELIUM AND MUSCLE LAYERS PRESENT.
 </pre>
@@ Line 57: / Line 62: @@
 <pre>
 VAS DEFERENS, RIGHT AND LEFT, VASECTOMY:
-- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS.
+- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS, LOOPS OF EPITHELIUM AND MUSCLE LAYERS PRESENT.
+</pre>
+=====Alternate=====
+<pre>
+VAS DEFERENS, RIGHT AND LEFT, VASECTOMY:
+- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS, LOOPS OF EPITHELIUM AND MUSCLE LAYERS PRESENT
+  ON BOTH SLIDE A1-1 AND SLIDE A2-1.
+</pre>
+=====One container is empty=====
+<pre>
+A. VAS DEFERENS ("LEFT"), VASECTOMY:
+- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS, LOOPS OF EPITHELIUM AND MUSCLE LAYERS PRESENT
+  ON BOTH SLIDE A1-1 AND SLIDE A2-1.
+- SEE COMMENT.
+B. VAS DEFERENS ("RIGHT"), VASECTOMY:
+- NO TISSUE IDENTIFIED, SEE COMMENT.
+COMMENT:
+Both specimens (left vas deferens and right vas deferens) may have been placed in
+container A. See 'gross' section of report. Clinical correlation is essential.
 </pre>
-====Incomplete cross-section====
+====Incomplete loop====
 <pre>
 A. VAS DEFERENS, RIGHT, VASECTOMY:
-- INCOMPLETE CROSS-SECTION OF VAS DEFERENS WITHOUT SIGNIFICANT PATHOLOGY, SEE COMMENT.
+- VAS DEFERENS WITHOUT SIGNIFICANT PATHOLOGY - INCOMPLETE LOOP OF EPITHELIUM, SEE COMMENT.
 B. VAS DEFERENS, LEFT, VASECTOMY:
-- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS, COMPLETE CROSS SECTION PRESENT.
+- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS, LOOP OF EPITHELIUM AND MUSCLE LAYERS PRESENT.
 COMMENT:
 Clinical correlation is suggested.
-/pre>
+</pre>
+====Oblique cut====
+<pre>
+A. VAS DEFERENS, RIGHT, VASECTOMY:
+- VAS DEFERENS WITHOUT SIGNIFICANT PATHOLOGY - OBLIQUE SECTION WITH COMPRESSED
+  LOOP OF EPITHELIUM, SEE COMMENT.
+B. VAS DEFERENS, LEFT, VASECTOMY:
+- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS, LOOP OF EPITHELIUM AND MUSCLE LAYERS PRESENT.
-==Vasitis nodosa==
+COMMENT:
-===General===
+Clinical correlation is suggested.
-*Classically develops post-vasovasostomy ([[vasectomy]] reversal).<ref name=pmid3366928>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Hirschowitz | first1 = L. | last2 = Rode | first2 = J. | last3 = Guillebaud | first3 = J. | last4 = Bounds | first4 = W. | last5 = Moss | first5 = E. | title = Vasitis nodosa and associated clinical findings. | journal = J Clin Pathol | volume = 41 | issue = 4 | pages = 419-23 | month = Apr | year = 1988 | doi =  | PMID = 3366928 | PMC=1141468 }}</ref>
+</pre>
-**Seen in association with other surgical procedures.
+Notes:
-**May be seen in the context of infertility (without prior vasectomy).
+*The word ''loop'' is preferred over the words ''cross section'' as:
-*Some similarity to [[salpingitis isthmica nodosa]].<ref name=pmid3366928/>
+*#The words ''cross section'' imply the cut is perpendicular to the axis.
+*#It is possible that a section with a loop of epithelium is the result of a non-transecting cut that generates an ovoid defect in the wall of the vas deferens.
+====No definite epithelium====
+<pre>
+A. VAS DEFERENS, LEFT, VASECTOMY:
+- VAS DEFERENS WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS, LOOP OF EPITHELIUM AND MUSCLE LAYERS PRESENT.
+B. VAS DEFERENS, RIGHT, VASECTOMY:
+- COMPATIBLE WITH VAS DEFERENS, WITHOUT COMPLETE LOOP OF EPITHELIUM, SEE COMMENT.
-===Gross===
+COMMENT - PART B:
-*Mass.
+Definite vas deferens epithelium is not identified; however, the muscle layering seen is
+compatible with a vas deferens. Levels were cut (x4).
-===Microscopic===
+Clinical correlation is suggested.
-Features:<ref name=pmid3366928/>
+</pre>
-*Tubules in wall of vas deferens.
-**Lined by columnar/cuboidal epithelium.
-***May have mitotic activity.
-***Nucleoli.
-***Contain sperm - small, dark staining, teardrop-shaped (~1 micrometer) - '''key feature'''.
-*+/-[[Sperm granuloma]]s.
-**Histocytes - abundant foamy cytoplasm.
-**Sperm - small, dark staining, teardrop-shaped (~1 micrometer).
-DDx:
+====No vas deferens identified====
-*Metastatic (prostate) carcinoma.
+<pre>
+A. CONNECTIVE TISSUE, RIGHT, "VASECTOMY":
+- NO VAS DEFERENS IDENTIFIED.
+- BENIGN FIBROMUSCULAR TISSUE WITH INTERMEDIATE BLOOD VESSELS.
-Notes:
+B. CONNECTIVE TISSUE, LEFT, "VASECTOMY":
-*Can be confused with [[prostatic adenocarcinoma]]:<ref name=pmid3984936>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Balogh | first1 = K. | last2 = Travis | first2 = WD. | title = Benign vascular invasion in vasitis nodosa. | journal = Am J Clin Pathol | volume = 83 | issue = 4 | pages = 426-30 | month = Apr | year = 1985 | doi =  | PMID = 3984936 }}</ref>
+- NO VAS DEFERENS IDENTIFIED.
-**May "invade" vascular spaces - associated with elastosis (breakdown of elastic fibres<ref>URL: [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/elastosis http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/elastosis]. Accessed on: 26 September 2011.</ref>).
+- BENIGN FIBROMUSCULAR TISSUE WITH INTERMEDIATE BLOOD VESSELS.
-Image:
+COMMENT:
-*[http://www.webpathology.com/image.asp?n=11&Case=40 Vasitis nodosa (webpathology.com)].
+Levels were cut (x3). Clinical correlation is suggested.
+</pre>
-===IHC===
+==Vasitis nodosa==
-*PSA -ve.
+{{Main|Vasitis nodosa}}
-*PSAP -ve.
 ==Bilateral absence of the vas deferens==
@@ Line 115: / Line 156: @@
 *[[Prostate gland]].
 *[[Testis]].
+*[[Male infertility]].
+*[[Epididymis]].
 ==References==

Difference between revisions of "Vas deferens"

Vas deferens (view source)

Revision as of 16:33, 9 October 2014

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