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Difference between revisions of "Urothelium"
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→Urothelial carcinoma in situ
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==Urothelial carcinoma in situ== | ==Urothelial carcinoma in situ== | ||
*Abbreviated ''CIS''. | |||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
*Lack papillae. | *Lack papillae. | ||
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***Normal urothelium approx. 2x the size of stromal lymphocytes. | ***Normal urothelium approx. 2x the size of stromal lymphocytes. | ||
**Nuclear pleomorphism - marked variation in size of nuclei. | **Nuclear pleomorphism - marked variation in size of nuclei. | ||
*Disordered arrangement/crowding of cells. | *+/-Disordered arrangement/crowding of cells. | ||
**In normal urothelium the cell line-up on the basement membrane. | **In normal urothelium the cell line-up on the basement membrane. | ||
*Umbrella cells often absent. | *Umbrella cells often absent. | ||
*Mitoses present. | *+/-Mitoses present. | ||
*+/-Enlarged nucleoli. | *+/-Enlarged nucleoli. | ||
Note: | |||
*The urothelium may be "depleted", i.e. exist only of rare large cells on the basement membrane. | |||
**This is known as ''clinging urothelial carcinoma in situ''.<ref>{{Ref Amin|2-55}}</ref> | |||
==Urothelial cell carcinoma== | ==Urothelial cell carcinoma== | ||