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Difference between revisions of "Prostate cancer"
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→Extraprostatic extension: tweak
(→Microscopic: +needs verification) |
(→Extraprostatic extension: tweak) |
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:Abbreviated ''EPE''. | :Abbreviated ''EPE''. | ||
General | =====General===== | ||
*Extraprostatic extension (EPE) is difficult to assess (in prostatectomy specimens) as there is no consensus definition. | *Extraprostatic extension (EPE) is difficult to assess (in prostatectomy specimens) as there is no consensus definition. | ||
**The prostate does NOT have a well defined capsule. | **The prostate does NOT have a well defined capsule. | ||
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*EPE, typically, upstages tumours from T2x to T3a. | *EPE, typically, upstages tumours from T2x to T3a. | ||
Prostatectomy specimens | =====Prostatectomy specimens===== | ||
EPE is present in a prostatectomy if there is either: | |||
#A "significant bulge" in the contour of the prostate at low power ''and'' no fibromuscular tissue surrounding the malignant cells. | #A "significant bulge" in the contour of the prostate at low power ''and'' no fibromuscular tissue surrounding the malignant cells. | ||
#Malignant cells directly adjacent to peri-prostatic adipose tissue. | #Malignant cells directly adjacent to peri-prostatic adipose tissue. | ||
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*The prostate, at the apex, may have some skeletal muscle. Thus, it is difficult to define extention... ergo EPE not called at the apex. | *The prostate, at the apex, may have some skeletal muscle. Thus, it is difficult to define extention... ergo EPE not called at the apex. | ||
Prostate biopsy | =====Prostate biopsy===== | ||
EPE is present in prostate biopsy if: | |||
*Tumour touches adipose tissue.<ref name=pmid17707261>{{Cite journal | last1 = Epstein | first1 = JI. | last2 = Srigley | first2 = J. | last3 = Grignon | first3 = D. | last4 = Humphrey | first4 = P. | title = Recommendations for the reporting of prostate carcinoma. | journal = Hum Pathol | volume = 38 | issue = 9 | pages = 1305-9 | month = Sep | year = 2007 | doi = 10.1016/j.humpath.2007.05.015 | PMID = 17707261 }}</ref><ref>Evans, A. 4 June 2010.</ref> | *Tumour touches adipose tissue.<ref name=pmid17707261>{{Cite journal | last1 = Epstein | first1 = JI. | last2 = Srigley | first2 = J. | last3 = Grignon | first3 = D. | last4 = Humphrey | first4 = P. | title = Recommendations for the reporting of prostate carcinoma. | journal = Hum Pathol | volume = 38 | issue = 9 | pages = 1305-9 | month = Sep | year = 2007 | doi = 10.1016/j.humpath.2007.05.015 | PMID = 17707261 }}</ref><ref>Evans, A. 4 June 2010.</ref> | ||