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*Neoplasms of the placenta, e.g. [[chorangioma]]. | *Neoplasms of the placenta, e.g. [[chorangioma]]. | ||
*Twin-twin transfusion syndrome. | *Twin-twin transfusion syndrome. | ||
*Chronic intrauterine infections. | *Chronic intrauterine infections, e.g. [[syphilis]], [[toxoplasmosis]], [[cytomegalovirus]]. | ||
Lame causes of a heavy placenta: | Lame causes of a heavy placenta: | ||
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*Most of causes seem to have one thing in common: | *Most of causes seem to have one thing in common: | ||
**There is a decreased oxygen delivery to the fetus. | **There is a decreased oxygen delivery to the fetus. | ||
===Placental growth restriction=== | |||
Association: | |||
*Maternal vascular disease, e.g. hypertension. | |||
*Fetal malformations. | |||
=Overview of placental pathology= | =Overview of placental pathology= |
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