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Difference between revisions of "Colon"
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→Ischemic colitis: expand rework
(→Ischemic colitis: expand rework) |
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==Ischemic colitis== | ==Ischemic colitis== | ||
*[[AKA]] ''colonic ischemia''. | |||
*[[AKA]] ''ischemia of the colon''. | |||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
Etiology: | Etiology: | ||
*Vascular: | *Vascular: | ||
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**[[Vasculitis]]. | **[[Vasculitis]]. | ||
**Embolization, e.g. thrombotic. | **Embolization, e.g. thrombotic. | ||
Possible associated pathology. | |||
*[[Necrotizing enteritis]] - necrosis of the small bowel only. | |||
*[[Necrotizing enterocolitis]] - necrosis of the small and large bowel. | |||
Closely related: | Closely related: | ||
*Radiation colitis. | *Radiation colitis. | ||
*Infective colitis. | *Infective colitis. | ||
Note: | |||
*Ischemia = compromised blood supply. | |||
===Gross=== | ===Gross=== | ||
Features:<ref name=Ref_PBoD852>{{Ref PBoD|852}}</ref> | Features - location:<ref name=Ref_PBoD852>{{Ref PBoD|852}}</ref> | ||
*Luminal part (mucosa & submucosa) affected. | *Luminal part (mucosa & submucosa) affected - edema. | ||
*Splenic flexture of colon commonly affected (vascular watershed). | *Splenic flexture of colon commonly affected (vascular watershed). | ||
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**Necrotizing infections. | **Necrotizing infections. | ||
**... anything that causes severe mucosal injury. | **... anything that causes severe mucosal injury. | ||
*Radiologic correlate = bowel wall thickening. | |||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
Features: | Features: | ||
* | *Crypt loss/drop-out. | ||
*Lamina propria | **Less intestinal crypts present. | ||
*Withering crypts. | |||
**Colonic epithelium has decreased cytoplasm. | |||
*Lamina propria hyalinization. | |||
**Dense pink material replaces loose connective tissue. | |||
*Submucosa fibrosis. | *Submucosa fibrosis. | ||
*+/-Pseudomembranes (microscopic):<ref name=Ref_PBoD837-8>{{Ref PBoD|837-8}}</ref> | *+/-Pseudomembranes (microscopic):<ref name=Ref_PBoD837-8>{{Ref PBoD|837-8}}</ref> | ||