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====Poor outcome predictors==== | ====Poor outcome predictors==== | ||
Predictors of poor outcome with early submucosal invasion:<ref name=pmid15300569>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ueno | first1 = H. | last2 = Mochizuki | first2 = H. | last3 = Hashiguchi | first3 = Y. | last4 = Shimazaki | first4 = H. | last5 = Aida | first5 = S. | last6 = Hase | first6 = K. | last7 = Matsukuma | first7 = S. | last8 = Kanai | first8 = T. | last9 = Kurihara | first9 = H. | title = Risk factors for an adverse outcome in early invasive colorectal carcinoma. | journal = Gastroenterology | volume = 127 | issue = 2 | pages = 385-94 | month = Aug | year = 2004 | doi = | PMID = 15300569 }}</ref> | Predictors of poor outcome with early submucosal invasion:<ref name=pmid15300569>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ueno | first1 = H. | last2 = Mochizuki | first2 = H. | last3 = Hashiguchi | first3 = Y. | last4 = Shimazaki | first4 = H. | last5 = Aida | first5 = S. | last6 = Hase | first6 = K. | last7 = Matsukuma | first7 = S. | last8 = Kanai | first8 = T. | last9 = Kurihara | first9 = H. | title = Risk factors for an adverse outcome in early invasive colorectal carcinoma. | journal = Gastroenterology | volume = 127 | issue = 2 | pages = 385-94 | month = Aug | year = 2004 | doi = | PMID = 15300569 }}</ref> | ||
#Lymphovascular invasion. | #[[Lymphovascular invasion]]. | ||
#High-grade tumour budding. | #High-grade tumour budding. | ||
#*Tumour bud = 1-4 cell(s); "high-grade budding" is >=10 tumour buds in a field of 0.385 mm<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=pmid11952856>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ueno | first1 = H. | last2 = Murphy | first2 = J. | last3 = Jass | first3 = JR. | last4 = Mochizuki | first4 = H. | last5 = Talbot | first5 = IC. | title = Tumour 'budding' as an index to estimate the potential of aggressiveness in rectal cancer. | journal = Histopathology | volume = 40 | issue = 2 | pages = 127-32 | month = Feb | year = 2002 | doi = | PMID = 11952856 }}</ref> | #*Tumour bud = 1-4 cell(s); "high-grade budding" is >=10 tumour buds in a field of 0.385 mm<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=pmid11952856>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ueno | first1 = H. | last2 = Murphy | first2 = J. | last3 = Jass | first3 = JR. | last4 = Mochizuki | first4 = H. | last5 = Talbot | first5 = IC. | title = Tumour 'budding' as an index to estimate the potential of aggressiveness in rectal cancer. | journal = Histopathology | volume = 40 | issue = 2 | pages = 127-32 | month = Feb | year = 2002 | doi = | PMID = 11952856 }}</ref> | ||
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