Difference between revisions of "Heart"

Heart (view source)

985 bytes removed , 23:18, 21 February 2012

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 ==Cocaine toxicity==
-===General===
+{{Main|Cocaine toxicity}}
-*Anatomical pathology findings at autopsy are uncommon (most common situation) or non-specific (atherosclerosis +/- acute [[thrombosis]]).<ref name=pmid1749414>{{cite journal |author=Virmani R |title=Cocaine-associated cardiovascular disease: clinical and pathological aspects |journal=NIDA Res. Monogr. |volume=108 |issue= |pages=220–9 |year=1991 |pmid=1749414 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
-*Toxicity mechanisms:
-**Direct effects of norepinephrine on myocytes
-**Vasospasm leading to myocardial ischemia.
-===Gross===
+No distinctive pathologic findings. May appear older than one would expect, e.g. advanced [[atherosclerosis]] in a young man.
-Features:<ref name=pmid1346509>{{cite journal |author=Kloner RA, Hale S, Alker K, Rezkalla S |title=The effects of acute and chronic cocaine use on the heart |journal=Circulation |volume=85 |issue=2 |pages=407–19 |year=1992 |month=February |pmid=1346509 |doi= |url=http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=1346509}}</ref>
-*+/-Atherosclerosis out of keeping with age.
-*+/-Large areas of confluent necrosis.
-*+/-Fibrosis.
-===Microscopic===
-Features:<ref name=pmid1346509/>
-*+/-Large areas of confluent necrosis.
-*+/-Contraction band necrosis.
-*+/-Fibrosis.
-*+/-Myocarditis (usu. eosinophilic).
 ==Heart transplant pathology==