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Difference between revisions of "Heart valves"
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→Endocarditis: format
m (→Endocarditis: format) |
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===Clinical=== | ===Clinical=== | ||
*Diagnosed (clinically) using the ''Duke criteria''.<ref>[http://www.medcalc.com/endocarditis.html http://www.medcalc.com/endocarditis.html]</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Durack DT, Lukes AS, Bright DK |title=New criteria for diagnosis of infective endocarditis: utilization of specific echocardiographic findings. Duke Endocarditis Service |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=96 |issue=3 |pages=200-9 |year=1994 |month=March |pmid=8154507 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *Diagnosed (clinically) using the ''Duke criteria''.<ref>[http://www.medcalc.com/endocarditis.html http://www.medcalc.com/endocarditis.html]</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Durack DT, Lukes AS, Bright DK |title=New criteria for diagnosis of infective endocarditis: utilization of specific echocardiographic findings. Duke Endocarditis Service |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=96 |issue=3 |pages=200-9 |year=1994 |month=March |pmid=8154507 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
** | **Positive blood cultures. | ||
** | **Cardiac involvement - vegetation. | ||
**+/- | **+/-Febrile. | ||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
*Inflammatory infiltrate (key feature @ low power) | *Inflammatory infiltrate (key feature @ low power): | ||
**+/-Plasma cells | **+/-Plasma cells. | ||
**+/-Neutrophils. | **+/-Neutrophils. | ||
*Microorganisms | *Microorganisms - '''key feature''' (diagnostic). | ||
**Hard to see (even at high power). | **Hard to see (even at high power). | ||
===Stains=== | ===Stains=== | ||
*[[GMS]] (Gomori Methenamine-silver stain) | *[[GMS]] (Gomori Methenamine-silver stain). | ||
**Look for fungi. | **Look for fungi. | ||
*[[Gram stain]] | *[[Gram stain]]. | ||
**Look for bacteria. | **Look for bacteria. | ||