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Difference between revisions of "Quality"
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**Process control. | **Process control. | ||
**Lack of redundancy. | **Lack of redundancy. | ||
==Biopsy size== | ==Biopsy size== | ||
Very small tissue fragments are associated with a decreased diagnostic yield and an increased diagnostic uncertainty. | Very small tissue fragments are associated with a decreased diagnostic yield and an increased diagnostic uncertainty. | ||
==Measures of quality== | |||
Any number of parameters can be used to measure quality. The when, where and how-often something is measured depends on the value-added. | |||
===General measures of quality=== | |||
There are really only two: | |||
#Timeliness, i.e. turn-around time (TAT). | |||
#Error rate. | |||
Note: | |||
*#1 and #2 can be examined quantified in any number of ways. | |||
*''Error'', in the context of a measurement, has to be defined. | |||
====Smaller categories==== | |||
Smaller categories - errors:<ref name=pmid19851132>{{Cite journal | last1 = Nakhleh | first1 = RE. | title = Core components of a comprehensive quality assurance program in anatomic pathology. | journal = Adv Anat Pathol | volume = 16 | issue = 6 | pages = 418-23 | month = Nov | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1097/PAP.0b013e3181bb6bf7 | PMID = 19851132 }}</ref> | |||
*Analytic: specimen identification & transport. | |||
*Preanalytic/analytic: [[tissue processing]], e.g. [[fixation]], blocking, embedding, sectioning, staining. | |||
*Analytic: interpretation. | |||
*Postanalytic: reporting/report integrity. | |||
=====Individual measures===== | |||
Specific measures:<ref name=pmid19851132/> | |||
*Preanalytic: | |||
**Identification - numbers match requisition. | |||
**Appropriate container. | |||
*Analytic: | |||
**Mislabeling. | |||
**Interpretation errors - based on: | |||
***Internal review. | |||
****Cytology-histology correlation. | |||
****Biopsy-resection correlation. | |||
****Frozen section-permanent section correlation. | |||
****Internal comparisons, e.g. ASCUS/LSIL between pathologists. | |||
***External review. | |||
****External standards/expected rate. | |||
**Amended reports - captures several of the above. | |||
*Postanalytic: | |||
**Completeness of report. | |||
**Critical diagnosis timely? | |||
**Report delivered to appropriate person? | |||
==Immunohistochemistry== | ==Immunohistochemistry== | ||