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Difference between revisions of "Placenta"
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Most common reasons for submitting a placenta to pathology:<ref>CS. 8 February 2011.</ref> | Most common reasons for submitting a placenta to pathology:<ref>CS. 8 February 2011.</ref> | ||
# Prematurity. | # Prematurity. | ||
# PROM / possible chorioamnionitis. | # PROM / possible [[chorioamnionitis]]. | ||
# Multiple gestation. | # Multiple gestation. | ||
Common abbreviations: | |||
*PROM = premature rupture of membranes. | |||
*PPROM = preterm premature rupture of membranes. | |||
*C/S = Caesarian section. | |||
*IUGR = [[intrauterine growth restriction]]. | |||
==Bleeding in late pregnancy== | ==Bleeding in late pregnancy== | ||
DDx of bleeding in late pregnancy: | DDx of bleeding in late pregnancy: | ||
*Placental abruption (most common). | *[[Placental abruption]] (most common). | ||
*Placenta previa. | *Placenta previa. | ||
*Vasa previa (fetus losing blood). | *Vasa previa (fetus losing blood). | ||
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==Common entities/diagnoses== | ==Common entities/diagnoses== | ||
*Normal. | *Normal. | ||
*Chorioamnionitis. | *[[Chorioamnionitis]]. | ||
*Placental abruption. | *[[Placental abruption]]. | ||
*Meconium. | *[[Meconium]]. | ||
*Hypertensive changes. | *Hypertensive changes. | ||
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===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
Features: | Features: | ||
*+/-Thrombi. | *+/-[[thrombosis|Thrombi]]. | ||
**Fibrin deposition. | **Fibrin deposition. | ||
*+/-Lines of Zahn. | *+/-Lines of Zahn. | ||
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=Membranes= | =Membranes= | ||
*Squamous metaplasia. | *Squamous metaplasia. | ||
*Chorioamnionitis - see ''infection'' section. | *[[Chorioamnionitis]] - see ''infection'' section. | ||
==Amnion nodosum== | ==Amnion nodosum== | ||
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*Simple epithelium of amnion replaced by (non-keratinizing) stratified squamous epithelium. | *Simple epithelium of amnion replaced by (non-keratinizing) stratified squamous epithelium. | ||
Image: [http://www.webpathology.com/image.asp?case=659&n=3 Amnion nodosum (webpathology.com)]. | Image: | ||
*[http://www.webpathology.com/image.asp?case=659&n=3 Amnion nodosum (webpathology.com)]. | |||
==Passage of meconium== | ==Passage of meconium== | ||
*[[AKA]] ''meconium''. | |||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
*Associated with fetal distress. | *Associated with fetal distress. | ||