Difference between revisions of "Medical lung diseases"

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Medical lung diseases (view source)

Revision as of 06:27, 28 December 2011

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split-out pneumonia
(split-out pneumonia)
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The '''medical [[lung]] diseases''' are a huge topic.  Most pathologists have little to do with 'em.  They are the domain of respirology.  An introduction to lung pathology is in the ''[[lung]]'' article, along with a general approach. Interstitial lung disease is dealt with in the ''[[diffuse lung diseases]]'' article.
The '''medical [[lung]] diseases''' are a huge topic.  Most pathologists have little to do with 'em.  They are the domain of respirology.  An introduction to lung pathology is in the ''[[lung]]'' article, along with a general approach. Interstitial lung disease is dealt with in the ''[[diffuse lung diseases]]'' article.


==Acute infectious pneumonia==
==Pneumonia==
===General===
{{Main|Pneumonia}}
*This is seen by pathologists, in [[autopsy]], from time-to-time.
Includes:
 
*[[Acute infectious pneumonia]].
Most common cause:
*[[Chronic infectious pneumonia]].
*''Streptococcus pneumoniae''.<ref name=Ref_PBoD8_711>{{Ref PBoD8|711}}</ref>
 
The top three community acquired (acute) pneumonia:<ref name=pmid12239229>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Nicolau | first1 = D. | title = Clinical and economic implications of antimicrobial resistance for the management of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. | journal = J Antimicrob Chemother | volume = 50 Suppl S1 | issue =  | pages = 61-70 | month = Sep | year = 2002 | doi =  | PMID = 12239229 }}</ref>
*''Streptococcuc pneumonia''.
*''Haemophilus influenzae''.
*''Moraxella catarrhalis''.
 
Other community acquired pneumonia:<ref name=Ref_PBoD8_711>{{Ref PBoD8|711}}</ref>
*S. aureus.
*Legionaella pneumophila.
*Klebsiella pneumoniae.
*Pseudomonas.
 
Hospital-acquired pneumonia:<ref name=Ref_PBoD8_711>{{Ref PBoD8|711}}</ref>
*Gram-negative rods.
*''Staphylococcus aureus''.
 
===Radiologic correlate===
*Air space disease.
 
===Gross pathology===
*Consolidation (the lung parenchyma is firm) - best appreciated by running a finger over the cut surface of the lung with a small-to-moderate amount of pressure.
 
===Microscopic===
Features:
*Alveoli packed with [[PMN]]s.
*+/-Clusters of bacteria - small dots or rods.
 
Image: [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pneumonia_alveolus.jpg Normal alveoli & pneumonia (WC)].
 
===Stains===
*Gram stain -- to type the bacteria.
 
==Chronic infectious pneumonia==
===General===
Common microorganisms:<ref name=Ref_PBoD8_711>{{Ref PBoD8|711}}</ref>
*Nocardia.
*Actinomyces.
*Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
*Atypical mycobacterium, e.g. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare.
*[[Histoplasmosis|Histoplasma capsulatum]].
*[[Coccidioidomycosis|Coccidioides immitis]].
*[[Blastomycosis|Blastomyces dermatitidis]].
 
Note:
*All of the later ones are granulomatous.
===Microscopic===
Features:
*Inflammation.
*+/-[[Granuloma]]s.


==Asthma==
==Asthma==
Michael
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