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Difference between revisions of "Pneumonia"
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mv infectious pneumonia here
(mv infectious pneumonia here) |
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There are various types of pneumonia. | There are various types of pneumonia. | ||
=Infectious pnemonia= | |||
*[[Acute infectious pneumonia]]. | *[[Acute infectious pneumonia]]. | ||
**[[Pneumocystis pneumonia]]. | **[[Pneumocystis pneumonia]]. | ||
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*Rarely seen in areas where antibiotic treatments are widely available. | *Rarely seen in areas where antibiotic treatments are widely available. | ||
==Diffuse lung diseases | ==Acute infectious pneumonia== | ||
===General=== | |||
*This is seen by pathologists, in [[autopsy]], from time-to-time. | |||
Most common cause: | |||
*''Streptococcus pneumoniae''.<ref name=Ref_PBoD8_711>{{Ref PBoD8|711}}</ref> | |||
The top three community acquired (acute) pneumonia:<ref name=pmid12239229>{{Cite journal | last1 = Nicolau | first1 = D. | title = Clinical and economic implications of antimicrobial resistance for the management of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. | journal = J Antimicrob Chemother | volume = 50 Suppl S1 | issue = | pages = 61-70 | month = Sep | year = 2002 | doi = | PMID = 12239229 }}</ref> | |||
*''Streptococcuc pneumonia''. | |||
*''Haemophilus influenzae''. | |||
*''Moraxella catarrhalis''. | |||
Other community acquired pneumonia:<ref name=Ref_PBoD8_711>{{Ref PBoD8|711}}</ref> | |||
*S. aureus. | |||
*Legionaella pneumophila. | |||
*Klebsiella pneumoniae. | |||
*Pseudomonas. | |||
Hospital-acquired pneumonia:<ref name=Ref_PBoD8_711>{{Ref PBoD8|711}}</ref> | |||
*Gram-negative rods. | |||
*''Staphylococcus aureus''. | |||
===Radiologic correlate=== | |||
*Air space disease. | |||
===Gross pathology=== | |||
*Consolidation (the lung parenchyma is firm) - best appreciated by running a finger over the cut surface of the lung with a small-to-moderate amount of pressure. | |||
===Microscopic=== | |||
Features: | |||
*Alveoli packed with [[PMN]]s. | |||
*+/-Clusters of bacteria - small dots or rods. | |||
Image: [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pneumonia_alveolus.jpg Normal alveoli & pneumonia (WC)]. | |||
===Stains=== | |||
*Gram stain -- to type the bacteria. | |||
==Chronic infectious pneumonia== | |||
===General=== | |||
Common microorganisms:<ref name=Ref_PBoD8_711>{{Ref PBoD8|711}}</ref> | |||
*Nocardia. | |||
*Actinomyces. | |||
*Mycobacterium tuberculosis. | |||
*Atypical mycobacterium, e.g. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. | |||
*[[Histoplasmosis|Histoplasma capsulatum]]. | |||
*[[Coccidioidomycosis|Coccidioides immitis]]. | |||
*[[Blastomycosis|Blastomyces dermatitidis]]. | |||
Note: | |||
*All of the later ones are granulomatous. | |||
===Microscopic=== | |||
Features: | |||
*Inflammation. | |||
*+/-[[Granuloma]]s. | |||
=Diffuse lung diseases= | |||
{{Main|Diffuse lung disease}} | {{Main|Diffuse lung disease}} | ||
*[[AKA]] ''idiopathic interstitial pneumonia''. | *[[AKA]] ''idiopathic interstitial pneumonia''. | ||
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**[[Acute interstitial pneumonia]]. | **[[Acute interstitial pneumonia]]. | ||
=See also= | |||
*[[Medical lung diseases]]. | *[[Medical lung diseases]]. | ||
*[[Lung]]. | *[[Lung]]. | ||
[[Category:Pulmonary pathology]] | [[Category:Pulmonary pathology]] | ||