Villous hypoplasia

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Villous hypoplasia, also distal villous hypoplasia, is pathology of the placenta associated with intrauterine growth restriction.

Villous hypoplasia
Diagnosis in short

Distal villous hypoplasia. H&E stain.

Synonyms terminal villus deficiency, distal villous hypoplasia

LM small & round villi (30-60 micrometers), "long" villi (due to lack of branching), absence of syncytial knots, wide intervillous space
Gross usu. small placenta
Site placenta

Associated Dx IUGR, small placenta
Clinical history small fetus
Prevalence not common

It is also known as terminal villus deficiency.[1]

General

  • Associated with IUGR.[1][2]
  • Atypical Doppler flow measurements: high Doppler resistance index.[1]

Microscopic

Features:[1]

  • Small, round villi (30-60 micrometers).
  • "Long" villi (due to lack of branching).
  • Absence of syncytial knots.
  • Wide intervillous space.

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PLACENTA AND MEMBRANES, BIRTH:
- SMALL PLACENTA FOR GESTATIONAL AGE (265 GRAMS - TRIMMED , POST FIXATION).
- FETAL MEMBRANES WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS.
- THREE-VESSEL CORD WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS.
- PLACENTAL DISC WITH VILLOUS HYPOPLASIA.

COMMENT:
THE PLACENTAL FINDINGS ARE COMPATIBLE WITH INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION.

See also

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Baergen, Rebecca N. (2011). Manual of Pathology of the Human Placenta (2nd ed.). Springer. pp. 346. ISBN 978-1441974938.
  2. Fitzgerald, B.; Kingdom, J.; Keating, S. (May 2012). "Distal villous hypoplasia.". Diagnostic Histopathology 18 (5): 195-200. doi:10.1016/j.mpdhp.2012.02.005.