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Difference between revisions of "Sarcina"
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'''Sarcina''' organisms are seen in gastrointestinal tract. | [[Image:Gastritis with Sarcina - very high mag.jpg|thumb|right|Micrograph showing Sarcina. [[H&E stain]]. (WC/Librepath)]] | ||
'''Sarcina''' organisms are occasionally seen in the gastrointestinal tract. They are reported in [[urine cytology|urine]].<ref name=pmid27737866>{{cite journal |authors=Bommannan K, Gaspar BL, Sachdeva MU |title=Pathogenic Sarcina in urine |journal=BMJ Case Rep |volume=2016 |issue= |pages= |date=October 2016 |pmid=27737866 |pmc=5073697 |doi=10.1136/bcr-2016-216991 |url=}}</ref> | |||
==General== | ==General== | ||
* | *Probably a commensal organism.<Ref name=pmid23599657/> | ||
*Gram positive coccus.<ref name=pmid27737866/> | |||
*Uncommonly seen. | |||
*Associated with gastroparesis,<ref name=pmid23599657>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ratuapli | first1 = SK. | last2 = Lam-Himlin | first2 = DM. | last3 = Heigh | first3 = RI. | title = Sarcina ventriculi of the stomach: a case report. | journal = World J Gastroenterol | volume = 19 | issue = 14 | pages = 2282-5 | month = | year = 2013 | doi = 10.3748/wjg.v19.i14.2282 | PMID = 23599657 }}</ref> as may be seen in [[diabetes mellitus]]. | *Associated with gastroparesis,<ref name=pmid23599657>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ratuapli | first1 = SK. | last2 = Lam-Himlin | first2 = DM. | last3 = Heigh | first3 = RI. | title = Sarcina ventriculi of the stomach: a case report. | journal = World J Gastroenterol | volume = 19 | issue = 14 | pages = 2282-5 | month = | year = 2013 | doi = 10.3748/wjg.v19.i14.2282 | PMID = 23599657 }}</ref> as may be seen in [[diabetes mellitus]]. | ||
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==Microscopic== | ==Microscopic== | ||
Features:<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Lam-Himlin | first1 = D. | last2 = Tsiatis | first2 = AC. | last3 = Montgomery | first3 = E. | last4 = Pai | first4 = RK. | last5 = Brown | first5 = JA. | last6 = Razavi | first6 = M. | last7 = Lamps | first7 = L. | last8 = Eshleman | first8 = JR. | last9 = Bhagavan | first9 = B. | title = Sarcina organisms in the gastrointestinal tract: a clinicopathologic and molecular study. | journal = Am J Surg Pathol | volume = 35 | issue = 11 | pages = 1700-5 | month = Nov | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1097/PAS.0b013e31822911e6 | PMID = 21997690 }}</ref> | Features:<ref name=pmid21997690>{{Cite journal | last1 = Lam-Himlin | first1 = D. | last2 = Tsiatis | first2 = AC. | last3 = Montgomery | first3 = E. | last4 = Pai | first4 = RK. | last5 = Brown | first5 = JA. | last6 = Razavi | first6 = M. | last7 = Lamps | first7 = L. | last8 = Eshleman | first8 = JR. | last9 = Bhagavan | first9 = B. | title = Sarcina organisms in the gastrointestinal tract: a clinicopathologic and molecular study. | journal = Am J Surg Pathol | volume = 35 | issue = 11 | pages = 1700-5 | month = Nov | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1097/PAS.0b013e31822911e6 | PMID = 21997690 }}</ref> | ||
* | *Small essentially spherical micro-organisms. | ||
**Each micro-organism 1.8-3 micrometres - purple on [[H&E stain]]. | |||
**Arranged in clusters of 4, 8 or more - classically in a tetrad - '''key feature'''. | |||
DDx: | |||
*Micrococcus - form larger clusters.<ref name=pmid21997690/> | |||
===Images=== | ===Images=== | ||
====Case 1==== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image: Gastritis with Sarcina - low mag.jpg | Sarcina - low mag. | |||
Image: Gastritis with Sarcina - intermed mag.jpg | Sarcina - intermed. mag. | |||
Image: Gastritis with Sarcina - a1 - intermed mag.jpg | Sarcina - intermed. mag. | |||
Image: Gastritis with Sarcina - high mag.jpg | Sarcina - high mag. | |||
Image: Gastritis with Sarcina - a1 - high mag.jpg | Sarcina - high mag. | |||
Image: Gastritis with Sarcina - very high mag.jpg | Sarcina - very high mag. | |||
Image: Gastritis with Sarcina - a1 - very high mag.jpg | Sarcina - very high mag. | |||
</gallery> | |||
====www==== | |||
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3193598/figure/F2/ Sarcina (nih.gov)]. | *[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3193598/figure/F2/ Sarcina (nih.gov)]. | ||
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3627895/figure/F2/ Sarcina (nih.gov)].<ref name=pmid23599657/> | *[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3627895/figure/F2/ Sarcina (nih.gov)].<ref name=pmid23599657/> | ||
==Sign out== | |||
===Urine cytology=== | |||
<pre> | |||
Abundant micro-organisms compatible with Sarcina, see comment. | |||
Acute inflammation. | |||
NEGATIVE for High-Grade Urothelial Carcinoma. | |||
Comment: | |||
The micro-organisms are arranged in distinctive tetrads, as is typical for Sarcina. | |||
This is an uncommon finding.[1] Treatment should be considered within the clinical context. | |||
1. Bommannan K, Gaspar BL, Sachdeva MUS. BMJ Case Rep. 2016 Oct 13;2016:bcr2016216991. doi:10.1136/bcr-2016-216991 | |||
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5073697/pdf/bcr-2016-216991.pdf | |||
</pre> | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Gastrointestinal pathology]]. | *[[Gastrointestinal pathology]]. | ||
*[[Sodium polystyrene sulfonate]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Diagnosis]] | [[Category:Diagnosis]] | ||
[[Category:Gastrointestinal pathology]] | [[Category:Gastrointestinal pathology]] | ||
[[Category:Microorganisms]] | |||