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Difference between revisions of "Programmed death-ligand 1"
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Programmed death-ligand 1 (view source)
Revision as of 21:25, 28 November 2017
, 21:25, 28 November 2017PDL1 immunoexpression does not always predict response to PDL1 blockade
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'''Programmed death-ligand 1''', commonly abbreviated '''PD-L1''', is a protein with an important role in | '''Programmed death-ligand 1''', commonly abbreviated '''PD-L1''', is a protein with an important role in immune system regulation and [[cancer]]. | ||
Normally, PD-L1 on cells binds with [[programmed cell death 1]] on the T lymphocytes.<ref name=pmid22658126/> | Normally, PD-L1 on cells binds with [[programmed cell death 1]] on the T lymphocytes.<ref name=pmid22658126/> | ||
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==General== | ==General== | ||
*[[IHC]] | *In theory, positive PD-L1 [[IHC|immunostaining]] predicts response to anti-PD-L1 drugs.<ref name=pmid26970723/> | ||
**Carcinoma cell is considered "PD-L1 positive" if the cell membrane is partially or completely stained. <ref name="pmid27389313">{{Cita publicación | apellido = Scheel | nombre = AH. | coautores = M. Dietel, LC. Heukamp, K. Jöhrens, T. Kirchner, S. Reu, J. Rüschoff, HU. Schildhaus, P. Schirmacher, M. Tiemann, A. Warth | título = Harmonized PD-L1 immunohistochemistry for pulmonary squamous-cell and adenocarcinomas. | publicación = Mod Pathol | volume = 29 | número = 10 | páginas = 1165-72 | mes = Oct | año = 2016 | doi = 10.1038/modpathol.2016.117 | pmid = 27389313 }}</ref> | **Carcinoma cell is considered "PD-L1 positive" if the cell membrane is partially or completely stained. <ref name="pmid27389313">{{Cita publicación | apellido = Scheel | nombre = AH. | coautores = M. Dietel, LC. Heukamp, K. Jöhrens, T. Kirchner, S. Reu, J. Rüschoff, HU. Schildhaus, P. Schirmacher, M. Tiemann, A. Warth | título = Harmonized PD-L1 immunohistochemistry for pulmonary squamous-cell and adenocarcinomas. | publicación = Mod Pathol | volume = 29 | número = 10 | páginas = 1165-72 | mes = Oct | año = 2016 | doi = 10.1038/modpathol.2016.117 | pmid = 27389313 }}</ref> | ||
*It is, however, more complex than that. Some tumour types are invariably positive, e.g. classical Hodgkin lymphoma, so testing is unhelpful. In contrast, tumors such as malignant melanoma respond regardless of PD-L1 immunoexpression. | |||
*The plethora of companion diagnostics developed for each PD-1/ PD-L1 inhibitor has created challenges, as these assays include different IHC antibody clones, staining protocols and platforms, scoring systems, and cutoffs for defining positivity. | *The plethora of companion diagnostics developed for each PD-1/ PD-L1 inhibitor has created challenges, as these assays include different IHC antibody clones, staining protocols and platforms, scoring systems, and cutoffs for defining positivity. | ||
**Nivolumab - 28-8 (Dako) | **Nivolumab - 28-8 (Dako) | ||
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*[[Renal cell carcinoma]]. | *[[Renal cell carcinoma]]. | ||
*[[Urothelial carcinoma]]. | *[[Urothelial carcinoma]]. | ||
*[[Merkel cell carcinoma]] | |||
*[[Acute myeloid leukemia]] | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||