Difference between revisions of "Polarization"

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'''Polarization''', formally '''light polarization''', in [[pathology]] refers to a technique used in [[light microscopy]] that makes use of polarized light.   
'''Polarization''', formally '''light polarization''', in [[pathology]] refers to a technique used in [[light microscopy]] that makes use of polarized light.   


==Things that polarize==
==General==
*Polarization is a useful characteristic as it is only seen in handful of pathologies.
*In some cases the colour and histomorphology can be specific enough to be diagnostic.
 
==Notable things that polarize==
*[[Amyloid]] - apple-green birefringence.<ref name=pmid26485243>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Cornejo | first1 = KM. | last2 = Lagana | first2 = FJ. | last3 = Deng | first3 = A. | title = Nodular amyloidosis derived from keratinocytes: an unusual type of primary localized cutaneous nodular amyloidosis. | journal = Am J Dermatopathol | volume = 37 | issue = 11 | pages = e129-33 | month = Nov | year = 2015 | doi = 10.1097/DAD.0000000000000307 | PMID = 26485243 }}</ref>
*[[Amyloid]] - apple-green birefringence.<ref name=pmid26485243>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Cornejo | first1 = KM. | last2 = Lagana | first2 = FJ. | last3 = Deng | first3 = A. | title = Nodular amyloidosis derived from keratinocytes: an unusual type of primary localized cutaneous nodular amyloidosis. | journal = Am J Dermatopathol | volume = 37 | issue = 11 | pages = e129-33 | month = Nov | year = 2015 | doi = 10.1097/DAD.0000000000000307 | PMID = 26485243 }}</ref>
*Oxylate crystals - [[ethylene glycol poisoning]],<ref name=pmid19874660>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Rosano | first1 = TG. | last2 = Swift | first2 = TA. | last3 = Kranick | first3 = CJ. | last4 = Sikirica | first4 = M. | title = Ethylene glycol and glycolic acid in postmortem blood from fatal poisonings. | journal = J Anal Toxicol | volume = 33 | issue = 8 | pages = 508-13 | month = Oct | year = 2009 | doi =  | PMID = 19874660 }}</ref> [[acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma]], benign [[breast calcifications]].<ref name=pmid10097726>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Ozer | first1 = E. | last2 = Canda | first2 = T. | last3 = Balci | first3 = P. | last4 = Gökçe | first4 = O. | title = Calcium oxalate crystals in benign cyst fluid from the breast. A case report. | journal = Acta Cytol | volume = 43 | issue = 2 | pages = 281-4 | month =  | year =  | doi =  | PMID = 10097726 }}</ref>
*Oxylate crystals.
*[[Gout]] crystals - negatively birefringent.<ref name=Ref_TN2005>{{Ref TN2005| RH6}}</ref>
**[[Ethylene glycol poisoning]].<ref name=pmid19874660>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Rosano | first1 = TG. | last2 = Swift | first2 = TA. | last3 = Kranick | first3 = CJ. | last4 = Sikirica | first4 = M. | title = Ethylene glycol and glycolic acid in postmortem blood from fatal poisonings. | journal = J Anal Toxicol | volume = 33 | issue = 8 | pages = 508-13 | month = Oct | year = 2009 | doi =  | PMID = 19874660 }}</ref>  
*Pseudogout crystals - positively birefringent.<ref name=Ref_TN2005>{{Ref TN2005| RH6}}</ref>
**[[Acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma]].
**Benign [[breast calcifications]].<ref name=pmid10097726>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Ozer | first1 = E. | last2 = Canda | first2 = T. | last3 = Balci | first3 = P. | last4 = Gökçe | first4 = O. | title = Calcium oxalate crystals in benign cyst fluid from the breast. A case report. | journal = Acta Cytol | volume = 43 | issue = 2 | pages = 281-4 | month =  | year =  | doi =  | PMID = 10097726 }}</ref>
*[[Gout]] crystals - negatively birefringent, yellow when aligned, needle-shaped.<ref name=Ref_TN2005>{{Ref TN2005| RH6}}</ref>
*[[Pseudogout]] crystals - positively birefringent, blue when aligned, rhomboid-shaped.<ref name=Ref_TN2005>{{Ref TN2005| RH6}}</ref>
 
==Some other things that polarize==
*Dirt.
*Collagen.


==See also==
==See also==
Line 14: Line 25:


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|1}}
{{Reflist|2}}
 
==External links==
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birefringence Birefringence (wikipedia.org)].


[[Category:Basics]]
[[Category:Basics]]

Latest revision as of 01:22, 25 April 2016

Crystals (gout) and blood cells in polarized light. (WC/Gabriel Caponetti)
Acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma with non-polarized light and polarized light to highlight the oxylate crystals. H&E stain. (WC/Nephron)

Polarization, formally light polarization, in pathology refers to a technique used in light microscopy that makes use of polarized light.

General

  • Polarization is a useful characteristic as it is only seen in handful of pathologies.
  • In some cases the colour and histomorphology can be specific enough to be diagnostic.

Notable things that polarize

Some other things that polarize

  • Dirt.
  • Collagen.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Cornejo, KM.; Lagana, FJ.; Deng, A. (Nov 2015). "Nodular amyloidosis derived from keratinocytes: an unusual type of primary localized cutaneous nodular amyloidosis.". Am J Dermatopathol 37 (11): e129-33. doi:10.1097/DAD.0000000000000307. PMID 26485243.
  2. ↑ Rosano, TG.; Swift, TA.; Kranick, CJ.; Sikirica, M. (Oct 2009). "Ethylene glycol and glycolic acid in postmortem blood from fatal poisonings.". J Anal Toxicol 33 (8): 508-13. PMID 19874660.
  3. ↑ Ozer, E.; Canda, T.; Balci, P.; Gökçe, O.. "Calcium oxalate crystals in benign cyst fluid from the breast. A case report.". Acta Cytol 43 (2): 281-4. PMID 10097726.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Yeung, J.C.; Leonard, Blair J. N. (2005). The Toronto Notes 2005 - Review for the MCCQE and Comprehensive Medical Reference (2005 ed.). The Toronto Notes Inc. for Medical Students Inc.. pp. RH6. ISBN 978-0968592854.

External links

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