Difference between revisions of "Osteochondroma"

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#redirect [[Chondro-osseous_tumours#Osteochondroma]]
'''Osteochondroma''' is a common benign [[chondro-osseous tumour]].<ref name=pmid26226780>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Rogozhin | first1 = DV. | last2 = Bulycheva | first2 = IV. | last3 = Kushlinsky | first3 = NE. | last4 = Konovalov | first4 = DM. | last5 = Talalaev | first5 = AG. | last6 = Roshchin | first6 = VY. | last7 = Ektova | first7 = AP. | last8 = Kushnir | first8 = BL. | last9 = Kuzin | first9 = AS. | title = [Osteochondroma in children and adolescents]. | journal = Arkh Patol | volume = 77 | issue = 3 | pages = 37-40 | month =  | year =  | doi =  | PMID = 26226780 }}</ref>
 
''Exostosis''<ref name=pmid22654707>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Ohkuma | first1 = R. | last2 = McCarthy | first2 = EF. | last3 = Deune | first3 = EG. | title = Hereditary multiple exostoses in the hands and fingers: early presentation and early surgical treatment in family members. Case reports. | journal = Hand (N Y) | volume = 6 | issue = 2 | pages = 209-16 | month = Jun | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1007/s11552-010-9307-3 | PMID = 22654707 }}</ref> redirects here.
==General==
*Benign.
*Very common.<ref name=pmid26226780/>
*Abnormal outgrowth of bone and cartilage - associated with growth plate.
*Usually present before age 20.<ref name=pmid12873205>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Parkin | first1 = B. | last2 = Bennett | first2 = JC. | last3 = Zaher | first3 = A. | title = Pathologic quiz case: an iliac mass in a 25-year-old woman. Osteochondroma. | journal = Arch Pathol Lab Med | volume = 127 | issue = 8 | pages = e355-6 | month = Aug | year = 2003 | doi = 10.1043/1543-2165(2003)127e355:PQCAIM2.0.CO;2 | PMID = 12873205 | URL = http://www.archivesofpathology.org/doi/full/10.1043/1543-2165%282003%29127%3Ce355:PQCAIM%3E2.0.CO;2}}</ref>
*May be multiple and hereditary.<ref name=pmid22654707/>
==Gross==
Features:
*Metasphyseal lesions.<ref name=medpath>URL: [http://www.medpath.info/MainContent/Skeletal/Bone_07.html http://www.medpath.info/MainContent/Skeletal/Bone_07.html]. Accessed on: 18 September 2012.</ref>
**Often distal femur, proximal humerus or proximal tibia.<ref name=pmid12873205/>
**Occasionally iliac mass.<ref name=pmid22217414>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Kokavec | first1 = M. | last2 = Gajdoš | first2 = M. | last3 = Džupa | first3 = V. | title = [Osteochondroma of the iliac crest: case report]. | journal = Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech | volume = 78 | issue = 6 | pages = 583-5 | month =  | year = 2011 | doi =  | PMID = 22217414 }}
</ref>
*Mushroom-like shape - with broad or narrow base.
 
Note:
*Very unusual in craniofacial bones.<ref name=pmid12873205/>
 
==Microscopic==
Features:<ref name=pmid12873205/>
*Bone - forms base of "mushroom".
*Cartilage - layer usu. thinner in older individuals.
**Lobular arrangement<ref name=upmc_case341>URL: [http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case341/dx.html http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case341/dx.html]. Accessed on: 19 September 2012.</ref> - clusters of 3-12 lacunae (separated by stroma).
**May have mild atypia.
**Nuclear enlargement - up to 5x normal.
*[[Perichondrium]] - covers the cartilage.
**Thin layer of cells - higher cellular density than cartilage.
***Bland spindle cells in a fibrous (eosinophilic) stroma.
 
Notes:
*Benign cartilage - one chondrocyte per lacuna, small and round nucleus, no binucleation.
*[[Heterotopic ossification]] - no cartilage, away from joint.
 
DDx:
*[[Chondrosarcoma]] - esp. in older individuals.
 
===Images===
<gallery>
Image:Bone Osteochondroma LP CTR.jpg|Bone - Osteochondroma - low power (SKB)
Image:Bone Osteochondroma LP CTR (2).jpg|Bone - Osteochondroma - low power (SKB)
Image:Bone Osteochondroma HP CTR.jpg|Bone - Osteochondroma - high power (SKB)
Image:Bone Osteochondroma LP PA.JPG|Bone - Osteochondroma - low power (SKB)
Image:Bone Osteochondroma MP PA.JPG|Bone - Osteochondroma - medium power (SKB)
Image:Bone Osteochondroma MP2 PA.JPG|Bone - Osteochondroma - medium power (SKB)
</gallery>
www:
*[http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case341.html Super rare intracranial mesenchymal osteochondroma - several images (upmc.edu)].<ref name=upmc_case341/>
 
==See also==
*[[Chondro-osseous tumours]].
 
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
 
[[Category:Diagnosis]]
[[Category:Chondro-osseous tumours]]

Latest revision as of 16:42, 8 November 2015

Osteochondroma is a common benign chondro-osseous tumour.[1]

Exostosis[2] redirects here.

General

  • Benign.
  • Very common.[1]
  • Abnormal outgrowth of bone and cartilage - associated with growth plate.
  • Usually present before age 20.[3]
  • May be multiple and hereditary.[2]

Gross

Features:

  • Metasphyseal lesions.[4]
    • Often distal femur, proximal humerus or proximal tibia.[3]
    • Occasionally iliac mass.[5]
  • Mushroom-like shape - with broad or narrow base.

Note:

  • Very unusual in craniofacial bones.[3]

Microscopic

Features:[3]

  • Bone - forms base of "mushroom".
  • Cartilage - layer usu. thinner in older individuals.
    • Lobular arrangement[6] - clusters of 3-12 lacunae (separated by stroma).
    • May have mild atypia.
    • Nuclear enlargement - up to 5x normal.
  • Perichondrium - covers the cartilage.
    • Thin layer of cells - higher cellular density than cartilage.
      • Bland spindle cells in a fibrous (eosinophilic) stroma.

Notes:

  • Benign cartilage - one chondrocyte per lacuna, small and round nucleus, no binucleation.
  • Heterotopic ossification - no cartilage, away from joint.

DDx:

Images

  • Bone - Osteochondroma - low power (SKB)

  • Bone - Osteochondroma - low power (SKB)

  • Bone - Osteochondroma - high power (SKB)

  • Bone - Osteochondroma - low power (SKB)

  • Bone - Osteochondroma - medium power (SKB)

  • Bone - Osteochondroma - medium power (SKB)

www:

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Rogozhin, DV.; Bulycheva, IV.; Kushlinsky, NE.; Konovalov, DM.; Talalaev, AG.; Roshchin, VY.; Ektova, AP.; Kushnir, BL. et al. "[Osteochondroma in children and adolescents].". Arkh Patol 77 (3): 37-40. PMID 26226780.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ohkuma, R.; McCarthy, EF.; Deune, EG. (Jun 2011). "Hereditary multiple exostoses in the hands and fingers: early presentation and early surgical treatment in family members. Case reports.". Hand (N Y) 6 (2): 209-16. doi:10.1007/s11552-010-9307-3. PMID 22654707.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Parkin, B.; Bennett, JC.; Zaher, A. (Aug 2003). "Pathologic quiz case: an iliac mass in a 25-year-old woman. Osteochondroma.". Arch Pathol Lab Med 127 (8): e355-6. doi:10.1043/1543-2165(2003)127e355:PQCAIM2.0.CO;2. PMID 12873205.
  4. ↑ URL: http://www.medpath.info/MainContent/Skeletal/Bone_07.html. Accessed on: 18 September 2012.
  5. ↑ Kokavec, M.; Gajdoš, M.; Džupa, V. (2011). "[Osteochondroma of the iliac crest: case report].". Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech 78 (6): 583-5. PMID 22217414.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 URL: http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case341/dx.html. Accessed on: 19 September 2012.
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