Difference between revisions of "Neuropathology tumours"

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===IHC===
===By IHC===
*GFAP - should stain cytoplasm of tumour cells and the perikaryon (nuclear membrane).
*GFAP - should stain cytoplasm of tumour cells and the perikaryon (nuclear membrane) of most [[Astrocytoma]]s.
*Ki-67 - usu. high >20% of cells.
*[[IDH-1]](R132H) (isocitrate dehydrogenase 1) in [[Astrocytoma, IDH-mutant]].<ref name=pmid19228619>{{cite journal |author=Yan H, Parsons DW, Jin G, ''et al.'' |title=IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in gliomas |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=360 |issue=8 |pages=765–73 |year=2009 |month=February |pmid=19228619 |pmc=2820383 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa0808710 |url=}}</ref><ref name=pmid20975057>{{cite journal |author=Houillier C, Wang X, Kaloshi G, ''et al.'' |title=IDH1 or IDH2 mutations predict longer survival and response to temozolomide in low-grade gliomas |journal=Neurology |volume=75 |issue=17 |pages=1560–6 |year=2010 |month=October |pmid=20975057 |doi=10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181f96282 |url=}}</ref>
*p53 - often +ve.
*[[H3F3A|H3F3A K27M]] in [[Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered]].
*[[IDH-1]] (isocitrate dehydrogenase 1).
*[[ATRX]] -ve in [[Astrocytoma, IDH-mutant]] or [[Diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant]].
**+ve in tumours that arose from low-grade gliomas.<ref name=pmid19228619>{{cite journal |author=Yan H, Parsons DW, Jin G, ''et al.'' |title=IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in gliomas |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=360 |issue=8 |pages=765–73 |year=2009 |month=February |pmid=19228619 |pmc=2820383 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa0808710 |url=}}</ref>
*[[CD20]] in PCNSL.
*[[H3F3A|H3F3A K27M]] -ve
*Cytokeratins in Carcinoma brain metastases, Plexus choroid tumours, [[AT/RT]], [[Papillary tumour of the pineal region]], [[Craniopharyngioma]].
**+ve cases to be classified as [[Astrocytoma#H3.3_K27M_mutated_glioma_of_the_midline|K27 mutated midline glioma]].
*[[ATRX]] -ve in tumors with low-grade precursor(most of them also IDH1/2 mutant).
 
Notes:
*IDH1 and IDH2 mutations - better survival.<ref name=pmid20975057>{{cite journal |author=Houillier C, Wang X, Kaloshi G, ''et al.'' |title=IDH1 or IDH2 mutations predict longer survival and response to temozolomide in low-grade gliomas |journal=Neurology |volume=75 |issue=17 |pages=1560–6 |year=2010 |month=October |pmid=20975057 |doi=10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181f96282 |url=}}</ref>
 


===Common neuropathology tumours in a table===
===Common neuropathology tumours in a table===
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