Hobnail pattern

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Hobnail pattern (epithelioid angiosarcoma). H&E stain. (WC/Nephron)
Hobnail pattern (lactational changes). H&E stain. (WC/Nephron)
Hobnail pattern (nephrogenic adenoma). H&E stain. (WC/Nephron)

Hobnail pattern is a morphologic pattern that is seen in a number of contexts, including benign and malignant.

Definition

  • Basement membrane area < area exposed to luminal surface.

Some considerations

Lung:

Breast:

Gynecology:

Kidney:

Urinary bladder:

Other:

See also

References

  1. Piña-Oviedo, S.; Shen, SS.; Truong, LD.; Ayala, AG.; Ro, JY. (Jun 2013). "Flat pattern of nephrogenic adenoma: previously unrecognized pattern unveiled using PAX2 and PAX8 immunohistochemistry.". Mod Pathol 26 (6): 792-8. doi:10.1038/modpathol.2012.239. PMID 23328975.