Account-creators
1,040
edits
Difference between revisions of "Course:Introduction to Neuropathology"
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Course:Introduction to Neuropathology (view source)
Revision as of 12:49, 30 September 2015
, 12:49, 30 September 2015→Molecular neuropathology: pathology workflow
Jensflorian (talk | contribs) m (→Day 1) |
Jensflorian (talk | contribs) (→Molecular neuropathology: pathology workflow) |
||
| Line 141: | Line 141: | ||
A by far incomplete overview of antibodies used for immunohistochemical staining are found [[: Category:Immunohistochemistry|here]]. | A by far incomplete overview of antibodies used for immunohistochemical staining are found [[: Category:Immunohistochemistry|here]]. | ||
====Tissue processing==== | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Brain_biopsy_under_stereotaxy.jpg | Specimens are obtained during surgery - in this case a stereotactic brain biopsy. | |||
File:Rectum - anterior and lateral - inked.jpg | Large pathology specimen need to be inked in diferent colours for orientation after cutting. | |||
File:Adrenal gland Conn syndrome4.jpg | Pathology samples are cut and placed in a cassette | |||
File:Tissue_processor_-_Put_in_cassette_rack.jpg | Tissue within cassette is automatically progressively dehydrated and impregnated with molten paraffin. | |||
File:Tissue_processing_-_Embedding_station.jpg | Liquid paraffin is poured over the specimen it to fill the mold. | |||
File:Tissue_processing_-_Moulds_are_set_on_a_cold_plate_to_solidify.jpg | The capsule is placed on top and are set on a cold plate to solidify. | |||
File:Tissue_processing_-_Solidified_paraffin_block_is_popped_out_of_the_metal_mould.jpg | Paraffin block with cassette after removal of the mould. | |||
File:Tissue_processing_-_Excess_paraffin_is_melted_away_from_the_edges_of_the_cassette.jpg | Excess paraffin is removed. | |||
File:Tissue_processing_-_After_metal_mould_is_removed,_tissue_can_be_seen_in_the_paraffin_block.jpg | Tissue embedded in paraffin block. | |||
File:Tissue_processing_-_Solid_paraffin_block_is_mounted_on_the_tissue_holder_of_a_microtome.jpg | The block is mounted on a microtome. | |||
File:Tissue_processing_-_Microtome_is_used_to_cut_a_ribbon_of_5-micron-thick_sections_from_the_paraffin_block.jpg | 4-5µm thick sections are cut from the block. | |||
File:Tissue_processing_-_Paraffin_ribbon_is_floated_onto_the_surface_of_a_warm_water_bath.jpg | Sections are flattened in a water bath. | |||
File:Tissue_processing_-_Paraffin_ribbon_is_recovered_from_water_bath_by_passing_a_glass_slide.jpg | The section is picked up by a glass slide. | |||
File:Tissue_processing_-_Paraffin_ribbon_is_recovered_from_water_bath_by_passing_a_glass_slide.jpg | The dried slides are stained for [[H&E]]. | |||
File:Tissue_processing_-_Stained_section_on_the_slide_is_mounted_under_a_thin_glass_coverslip.jpg | A thin coverslip is mounted on the stained slide. | |||
File:Tissue_processing_-_Stained_and_mounted_slides_in_the_ubiquitous_20-slide_folder.jpg | Covered slides are ready for viewing at the light microscope. | |||
File:Carles Cordon-Cardo MD PhD Chair of Pathology at Mount Sinai Hospital.JPG | Pathologist dictates his findings and orders additional stains if neccessary. | |||
</gallery> | |||
====Tissue microarray==== | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Tissue MicroArray Block.jpg | It is possible to punch out cylinders from diferent donor blocks and collect them on a single block. | |||
File:0.6 mm core Tissue MicroArray Block.jpg | Such punch collections are called tissue microarray. | |||
File:Tissue MicroArray Slide.jpg | H&E stain of a tissue microarray (TMA) slide. | |||
File:Example of tissue cross-reactivity on human tissue microarray.jpeg | Immunohistochemical stains of a TMA section. | |||
</gallery> | |||
The tissue microarray method is sed mainly in research because of following advantages: <ref name="pmid14987401">{{Cite journal | last1 = Simon | first1 = R. | last2 = Sauter | first2 = G. | title = Tissue microarray (TMA) applications: implications for molecular medicine. | journal = Expert Rev Mol Med | volume = 5 | issue = 26 | pages = 1-12 | month = Oct | year = 2003 | doi = doi:10.1017/S1462399403006781 | PMID = 14987401 }}</ref> | |||
* speed (parallel analysis of up to hundered specimen). | |||
* cost efficient (the same amount of reagents required for a single large-section analysis) | |||
* standardisation (the same staining conditions are applied). | |||
* sample number (high statistical power for associations). | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||