Congestive heart failure

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Congestive heart failure, abbreviated CHF, is a clinical diagnosis that is often due to coronary atherosclerosis; however, there are a large number of potential causes.

Pictorial representation of what happens in congestive heart failure. (WC/NIH)
Pitting edema - a manifestation of congestive heart failure. (WC/James Heilman)

General

Clinical

Symptoms:

  • Fatigue.
  • Dyspnea.
  • Cough.
  • Leg swelling.

Signs:

Treatment - LMNOP:

  • Lasix (furosemide).
  • Morphine.
  • Nitrates.
  • Oxygen.
  • Position (elevate head).

Causes

See also

References

  1. Urena, M.; Himbert, D.; Vahanian, A. (Sep 2015). "Percutaneous aortic valve interventions in heart failure patients.". Minerva Cardioangiol. PMID 26397947.
  2. Lang, I. (Jun 2015). "Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a distinct disease entity.". Eur Respir Rev 24 (136): 246-52. doi:10.1183/16000617.00001115. PMID 26028636.