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Difference between revisions of "Basics"
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→Morphologic grouping: re-work
(→Morphologic grouping: re-work) |
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*Memory device ''HMN GEM'': hematologic, melanoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma, germ cell, epithelial, mesenchymal. | *Memory device ''HMN GEM'': hematologic, melanoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma, germ cell, epithelial, mesenchymal. | ||
===Morphologic | ====Morphologic categorization==== | ||
=====Factors to consider===== | |||
Factors to consider when attempting to group by morphology: | Factors to consider when attempting to group by morphology: | ||
#Cell cohesion - dyscohesive vs. cohesive. | #Cell cohesion - dyscohesive vs. cohesive. | ||
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#*Large [[nucleoli]] (nucleoli seen with the 10x objective) pretty much exclude neuroendocrine. | #*Large [[nucleoli]] (nucleoli seen with the 10x objective) pretty much exclude neuroendocrine. | ||
======Dyscohesive versus cohesive====== | |||
== | |||
Deciding cells are dyscohesive vs. cohesive is important, as it is a strong determinant of whether one is dealing with a lymphoid lesion or not. | Deciding cells are dyscohesive vs. cohesive is important, as it is a strong determinant of whether one is dealing with a lymphoid lesion or not. | ||
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*Scant cytoplasm. | *Scant cytoplasm. | ||
*Basophilic cytoplasm. | *Basophilic cytoplasm. | ||
=====Probable category by morphology===== | |||
*Carcinoma = cohesive, relatively large (>~2X neutrophil), +/-nucleolus, +/-gland formation (circular structures), often moderate to abundant cytoplasm. | |||
*Sarcoma = cohesive, composed of spindle cells (cells taper at both ends, nucleus oval/cigar-shaped). | |||
*Germ cell tumour = appearance often similar to ''carcinoma''. | |||
*Neuroendocrine carcinoma = cohesive, fine granular chromatin and no nucleolus. | |||
*Lymphoma = dyscohesive, relatively small (usually <=2X neutrophil diameter), usu. scant basophilic (blue) cytoplasm. | |||
*Melanoma = classically pigmented, often a prominent [[red nucleolus]], a mix of spindle cells and epithelioid cells, mix of cohesive and dyscohesive cells. | |||
===Histomorphologic classification=== | ===Histomorphologic classification=== | ||