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===General=== | ===General=== | ||
*Empyemas are often managed surgically.<ref name=pmid10197399>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ferguson | first1 = MK. | title = Surgical management of intrapleural infections. | journal = Semin Respir Infect | volume = 14 | issue = 1 | pages = 73-81 | month = Mar | year = 1999 | doi = | PMID = 10197399 }}</ref> | *Empyemas are often managed surgically.<ref name=pmid10197399>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ferguson | first1 = MK. | title = Surgical management of intrapleural infections. | journal = Semin Respir Infect | volume = 14 | issue = 1 | pages = 73-81 | month = Mar | year = 1999 | doi = | PMID = 10197399 }}</ref> | ||
*Classically, divided into three stages.<ref name=pmid20628845>{{Cite journal | last1 = Shiraishi | first1 = Y. | title = Surgical treatment of chronic empyema. | journal = Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg | volume = 58 | issue = 7 | pages = 311-6 | month = Jul | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1007/s11748-010-0599-6 | PMID = 20628845 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Hamm | first1 = H. | last2 = Light | first2 = RW. | title = Parapneumonic effusion and empyema. | journal = Eur Respir J | volume = 10 | issue = 5 | pages = 1150-6 | month = May | year = 1997 | doi = | PMID = 9163661 | url = http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/10/5/1150.long }}</ref> | |||
**I - ''exudative stage'' (acute). | |||
**II - ''fibropurulent stage'' (acute). | |||
**III - ''organizational stage'' (chronic). | |||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== |
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