Hashimoto's thyroiditis
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis, also Hashimoto's disease, is an inflammatory (autoimmune disorder) of the thyroid gland that causes hypothyroidism.
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | |
|---|---|
| Diagnosis in short | |
|
| |
| LM | polymorphous lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with germinal centres, +/-nuclear clearing common, +/-oncocytic metaplasia |
| LM DDx | lymphocytic thyroiditis (no serologic evidence of Hashimoto), papillary thyroid carcinoma, MALT lymphoma, Diffuse large B cell lymphoma, Hürthle cell neoplasm |
| IHC | CD3, CD20, CD10, BCL6, BCL2, kappa, lambda - to demonstrated mixed population of lymphocytes |
| Molecular | B-Cell clonality testing negative |
| Site | thyroid gland |
|
| |
| Associated Dx | increased risk of lymphoma |
| Prevalence | uncommon |
| Blood work | antimicrosomal (antithyroid peroxidase) positive |
| Prognosis | benign |
General
- This is a clinical diagnosis.
- The histomorphologic findings, generally, are not diagnostic.
Etiology:
- Autoimmune disease leading to hypothyroidism.
- Often genetic/part of a syndrome.
Clinical
Serology:[1]
- Antimicrosomal (antithyroid peroxidase) +ve.
- Antithyroglobulin +ve.
- Normal: <4.0 IU/mL.[2]
Associated pathology:[1]
- Increased risk of B-cell lymphoma; these are classically:[3]
- MALT lymphoma.
- Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
Microscopic
Features:
- Lymphocytic infiltrate - key feature.
- Nuclear clearing common.
- May confuse with papillary thyroid carcinoma.
- Polymorphous lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with germinal centres.[4]
- +/-Oncocytic metaplasia.
Notes:
- Histologically often not possible to separate from "non-specific" thyroiditis.[5]
DDx:
IHC
- Panel to exclude lymphoma may be required, e.g. CD3, CD20, CD10, BCL6, BCL2, kappa, lambda.
Molecular
- Occasionally done to exclude lymphoma - see MALT lymphoma and DLBCL.
Sign out
Total Thyroid, Thyroidectomy: - Lymphocytic thyroiditis compatible with clinical history of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. - NEGATIVE for malignancy.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Poropatich C, Marcus D, Oertel YC (1994). "Hashimoto's thyroiditis: fine-needle aspirations of 50 asymptomatic cases". Diagn. Cytopathol. 11 (2): 141–5. PMID 7813361. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/112701408/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0.
- ↑ URL: http://www.mayomedicallaboratories.com/test-catalog/Clinical+and+Interpretive/84382. Accessed on: 15 October 2015.
- ↑ Ohye, H.; Fukata, S.; Hirokawa, M. (Nov 2007). "[Malignant lymphoma of the thyroid].". Nihon Rinsho 65 (11): 2092-8. PMID 18018576.
- ↑ Lefkowitch, Jay H. (2006). Anatomic Pathology Board Review (1st ed.). Saunders. pp. 672. ISBN 978-1416025887.
- ↑ Mills, Stacey E; Carter, Darryl; Greenson, Joel K; Oberman, Harold A; Reuter, Victor E (2004). Sternberg's Diagnostic Surgical Pathology (4th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 560. ISBN 978-0781740517.