Chagas disease

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Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is an infectious disease that affect various organs.

General

  • Essentially a South American disease.
  • Etiology: protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi - transmitted by reduvid bugs,[1] also known as kissing bug.[2]

Clinical:[3]

  • Depends on phase of infection.
  • Arrhythmias (late).
  • Toxic megacolon.[4]

Dx:[5]

  • Usually serology.
  • Thin blood smear.

Tx:

  • Antimicrobials: benznidazole, nifurtimox.[1]

Microscopic

Features - heart:

  • Inflammation - main finding.[3]
  • Intramuscular organisms (without an inflammatory response).
  • Neuronal loss in atrial ganglia.[6]

DDx:

Images:

IHC

  • Anti–T cruzi immunoperoxidase.[6]

See also

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002348/. Accessed on: 4 December 2011.
  2. URL: http://www.who.int/topics/chagas_disease/en/. Accessed on: 1 December 2011.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Teixeira, AR.; Nascimento, RJ.; Sturm, NR. (Aug 2006). "Evolution and pathology in chagas disease--a review.". Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 101 (5): 463-91. PMID 17072450.
  4. Kobayasi, S.; Mendes, EF.; Rodrigues, MA.; Franco, MF. (Nov 1992). "Toxic dilatation of the colon in Chagas' disease.". Br J Surg 79 (11): 1202-3. PMID 1467905.
  5. URL: http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/chagas/diagnosis.html. Accessed on: 4 December 2011.
  6. 6.0 6.1 Marin-Neto, JA.; Cunha-Neto, E.; Maciel, BC.; Simões, MV. (Mar 2007). "Pathogenesis of chronic Chagas heart disease.". Circulation 115 (9): 1109-23. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.624296. PMID 17339569.
  7. URL: http://path.upmc.edu/cases/case160/micro.html. Accessed on: 8 January 2012.
  8. Higuchi, Mde L.; Benvenuti, LA.; Martins Reis, M.; Metzger, M. (Oct 2003). "Pathophysiology of the heart in Chagas' disease: current status and new developments.". Cardiovasc Res 60 (1): 96-107. PMID 14522411.