Ovary

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The ovary has a wealth of pathology. It has benign tumours and malignant ones. It is a significant part of gynecologic pathology.

Normal

  • Corpora albicans - pale/white body with lobulated contour.
    • Involuted corpus luteum.
    • Not seen pre-pubertal.
    • Number increase with age.
  • Ovarian follicles.
  • Stroma - hyperchromatic - spindle morphology, whorling.
    • If the cells have a round morphology... think about endometriosis.

Images:

Cysts

General:

  • Very common.

Most common:

  • Serous cystadenoma.
    • Usually uniloculated.
    • Morphology: ciliated, columnar.
  • Mucinous cystadenoma.
    • Usually multiloculated.[1]
      • Memory device: multiloculated = mucinous.
  • Endometrioma (see endometriosis).
  • Simple cyst.
  • Cancerous cyst (see ovarian cancer).

Notes

  • Epithelium is often lost in processing - may make interpretation challenging
  • Ovarian surface epithelium (previously call germinal epithelium) - covers the ovary
    • Cuboidal/flat epithelium.[2]
    • Has ovarian stroma underneath.
    • Nobnail morphology (free surface larger than basement membrane surface).[3]

Ovarian surface vs. mesothelium:

Endometriosis

Main article: Endometriosis

Ovarian tumours

Main article: Ovarian tumours

For a very brief overview of gynecologic tumours see: Gynecologic pathology.

Benign mesothelial inclusion cyst

Epidemiology

  • Assoc. with previous surgery.
  • May be found incidentally, e.g. during C-section.

Gross

  • May mimic mucinous tumour - to unexperienced.[4]
  • Thin-wall.[5]
  • Clear/translucent fluid.

Microscopic

Features:

  • Benign mesothelium.
    • Single layer of squamoid or cuboid mesothelial cells.[5]

IHC

Pregnancy luteoma

General

  • Tumour of pregnancy.
  • Benign.
  • Regress after pregnancy; thus, conservative management.[6]

Clinical:

  • Increased serum testosterone.[7]

Gross

  • Solid.
  • Yellow.

Microscopic

Features:

  • Sheets of cells.
  • Cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm, round nuclei and prominent nucleoli.

DDx:

Images:

See also

References

  1. ↑ IAV. 6 February 2009.
  2. ↑ Auersperg N, Wong AS, Choi KC, Kang SK, Leung PC (April 2001). "Ovarian surface epithelium: biology, endocrinology, and pathology". Endocr. Rev. 22 (2): 255–88. PMID 11294827. http://edrv.endojournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=11294827.
  3. ↑ ALS. 5 February 2009.
  4. ↑ GAG 26 Feb 2009.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Urbanczyk K, Skotniczny K, Kucinski J, Friediger J (2005). "Mesothelial inclusion cysts (so-called benign cystic mesothelioma)--a clinicopathological analysis of six cases". Pol J Pathol 56 (2): 81-7. PMID 16092670.
  6. ↑ Masarie, K.; Katz, V.; Balderston, K. (Sep 2010). "Pregnancy luteomas: clinical presentations and management strategies.". Obstet Gynecol Surv 65 (9): 575-82. doi:10.1097/OGX.0b013e3181f8c41d. PMID 21144088.
  7. ↑ Kao, HW.; Wu, CJ.; Chung, KT.; Wang, SR.; Chen, CY.. "MR imaging of pregnancy luteoma: a case report and correlation with the clinical features.". Korean J Radiol 6 (1): 44-6. PMID 15782020.
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