Difference between revisions of "Cartilage"

From Libre Pathology
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(→‎Sign out: +micro)
Line 63: Line 63:
Features:<ref name=pmid17848703/>
Features:<ref name=pmid17848703/>
*[[Hyaline cartilage]] +/- lobular surface.
*[[Hyaline cartilage]] +/- lobular surface.
**May have lacunae with binucleate cells.  
**+/-Lacunae with binucleate cells.  
**+/-Nuclear atypia - moderate to severe.<ref>URL: [http://www.webpathology.com/image.asp?n=3&Case=369 http://www.webpathology.com/image.asp?n=3&Case=369]. Accessed on: 10 December 2012.</ref>
*+/-Synovial hyperplasia - ribbon like tissue with an epithelium that has eosinophilic cytoplasm.
*+/-Synovial hyperplasia - ribbon like tissue with an epithelium that has eosinophilic cytoplasm.
*[[Bone]].
*[[Bone]].

Revision as of 15:32, 10 December 2012

Cartilage is a type of connective tissue that does not commonly come across the pathologist's desk.

It comes in three flavours:[1][2]

  1. Hyaline cartilage, e.g. trachea.
  2. Fibrocartilage, e.g. intervertebral disc.
  3. Elastic cartilage, e.g. epiglottis.

General

Features of cartilage:[3]

  • Avascular.
  • Extracellular matrix with bluish tinge.
  • Round cells.

Hyaline cartilage

Microscopic

Features:[4]

  • Chondrocytes within small pockets (lacunae) of extracellular matrix.
    • Chondrocytes:
      • Spherical nucleus.
      • Prominent nucleolus.
      • Clear cytoplasm.
    • Extracellular matrix:
      • Blue-white appearance on H&E stain -- key feature.

Image:

Perichondrium

Microscopic

Features:

  • Around cartilage.
    • Increased cellular density.
    • Spindle cells with poorly defined cellular borders in an eosinophilic (fibrous) stroma.

Images:

Tumours

Main article: Chondro-osseous tumours

Tumours of cartilage are dealt with in the article chondro-osseous tumours together with bone tumours.

Specific diagnoses

Synovial chondromatosis

  • AKA synovial osteochondromatosis.

General

  • Benign.
    • Malignant transformation rare <5%.[6]
  • Classically location: knee.[6]
    • Hip next most common site.
  • Usually adults.
  • Prevalence: male > female.

Gross/radiology

  • Intraarticular calcifications.
  • +/-Loose bodies in the joint (AKA joint mice).

Image:

Microscopic

Features:[6]

  • Hyaline cartilage +/- lobular surface.
    • +/-Lacunae with binucleate cells.
    • +/-Nuclear atypia - moderate to severe.[7]
  • +/-Synovial hyperplasia - ribbon like tissue with an epithelium that has eosinophilic cytoplasm.
  • Bone.

DDx:

Images:

Sign out

LOOSE BODIES, RIGHT ELBOW, REMOVAL:
- SYNOVIAL OSTEOCHONDROMATOSIS.

Micro

The sections show multiple fragments of tissue consisting of bone covered by hyaline cartilage and associated with synovial hyperplasia.

There is no appreciable nuclear atypia or mitotic activity.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Young, Barbara; Lowe, James S.; Stevens, Alan; Heath, John W.; Deakin, Philip J. (2000). Wheaters Functional Histology (4th ed.). Churchill Livingstone. pp. 173-5. ISBN 978-0004881973.
  2. ↑ URL: http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Cartilage/Cartil.htm. Accessed on: 2 January 2011.
  3. ↑ Cormack, David H. (2001). Essential Histology (2nd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 178-9. ISBN 978-0781716680.
  4. ↑ Cormack, David H. (2001). Essential Histology (2nd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 178. ISBN 978-0781716680.
  5. ↑ URL: http://apbrwww5.apsu.edu/thompsonj/Anatomy%20&%20Physiology/2010/2010%20Exam%20Reviews/Exam%201%20Review/Ch04%20Mineralized%20Connective%20Tissues.htm. Accessed on: 19 September 2012.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Murphey, MD.; Vidal, JA.; Fanburg-Smith, JC.; Gajewski, DA.. "Imaging of synovial chondromatosis with radiologic-pathologic correlation.". Radiographics 27 (5): 1465-88. doi:10.1148/rg.275075116. PMID 17848703.
  7. ↑ URL: http://www.webpathology.com/image.asp?n=3&Case=369. Accessed on: 10 December 2012.
Retrieved from "https://librepathology.org/w/index.php?title=Cartilage&oldid=19368"