Difference between revisions of "Cholelithiasis"
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'''Cholelithiasis''' is the | '''Cholelithiasis''' is the formation of stones (gallstones) in the [[gallbladder]]. | ||
==General== | ==General== | ||
Revision as of 21:40, 18 August 2015
Cholelithiasis is the formation of stones (gallstones) in the gallbladder.
General
- Often accompanies cholecystitis/contributes and/or causes cholecystitis.
- The gallbladder is removed following biliary pancreatitis (gallstone pancreatitis) to reduce recurrence risk.[1][2]
- Gallstones may compress the common bile duct - known as Mirizzi Syndrome.[3]
- Can be associated with jaundice.[4]
The two types of gallstones:
- Cholesterol stones.
- Pigment stones.
Note:
- Most stones technically speaking are a mix, i.e. cholesterol and pigment. Many call yellow stones that are a mix "cholesterol stones".
Epidemiology
Classic risk factors for gallstones - 4 Fs:[5]
- Female.
- Fat.
- Forty.
- Fertile.
Additional:
- Family history.
Cholesterol stones
- More common than pigment stone.
Appearance:
- Clear or yellow.
- Opaque or translucent.
- Sometimes shinny.
Image
Yellow gallstones. (WC)
Pigment stones
- Due to high RBC turnover, e.g. sickle cell disease, thalassemia.
- Radio-opaque.[6]
Appearance:
- Black - key feature.
- Dull.
Microscopic
- Not routinely done on gallstones.
Sign out
GALLBLADDER CHOLECYSTECTOMY: - CHOLELITHIASIS. - MILD CHRONIC CHOLECYSTITIS.
See also
References
- ↑ Bouwense, SA.; Besselink, MG.; van Brunschot, S.; Bakker, OJ.; van Santvoort, HC.; Schepers, NJ.; Boermeester, MA.; Bollen, TL. et al. (2012). "Pancreatitis of biliary origin, optimal timing of cholecystectomy (PONCHO trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.". Trials 13: 225. doi:10.1186/1745-6215-13-225. PMID 23181667.
- ↑ van Baal, MC.; Besselink, MG.; Bakker, OJ.; van Santvoort, HC.; Schaapherder, AF.; Nieuwenhuijs, VB.; Gooszen, HG.; van Ramshorst, B. et al. (May 2012). "Timing of cholecystectomy after mild biliary pancreatitis: a systematic review.". Ann Surg 255 (5): 860-6. doi:10.1097/SLA.0b013e3182507646. PMID 22470079.
- ↑ Khalid, S.; Bhatti, AA.. "Mirizzi's syndrome: an interesting on table finding.". J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 26 (4): 621-4. PMID 25672201.
- ↑ Elhanafy, E.; Atef, E.; El Nakeeb, A.; Hamdy, E.; Elhemaly, M.; Sultan, AM.. "Mirizzi Syndrome: How it could be a challenge.". Hepatogastroenterology 61 (133): 1182-6. PMID 25513064.
- ↑ Szwed, Z.; Zyciński, P. (2007). "[4F's--still up to date risk factors of cholelithiasis].". Wiad Lek 60 (11-12): 570-3. PMID 18540184.
- ↑ URL: http://www.rxmed.com/b.main/b2.pharmaceutical/b2.1.monographs/CPS-%20Monographs/CPS-%20%28General%20Monographs-%20U%29/URSOFALK.html. Accessed on: 29 October 2011.