Difference between revisions of "Leukoplakia"

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#redirect [[Head_and_neck_pathology#Leukoplakia]]
[[Image:Leucoexo.jpg|thumb|right|Leukoplakia. (WC/Aitor III)]]
'''Leukoplakia''' is a relatively common clinical finding in clinical medicine. This article looks at leukoplakia of the [[head and neck pathology|head and neck]].
 
''[[Hairy leukoplakia]]'' is dealt with separately. The typical ''[[benign leukoplakia]]'' is also dealt with separately.
 
==General==
*Non-specific clinical finding - may be benign ''or'' [[malignant]].
*Associated with [[tobacco]] use.<ref name=pmid11336117>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Bánóczy | first1 = J. | last2 = Gintner | first2 = Z. | last3 = Dombi | first3 = C. | title = Tobacco use and oral leukoplakia. | journal = J Dent Educ | volume = 65 | issue = 4 | pages = 322-7 | month = Apr | year = 2001 | doi =  | PMID = 11336117 }}</ref>
 
Risk of malignancy:
*In twos series ~13% were associated with an invasive lesion.<ref name=pmid19953947>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Lan | first1 = AX. | last2 = Guan | first2 = XB. | last3 = Sun | first3 = Z. | title = [Analysis of risk factors for carcinogenesis of oral leukoplakia]. | journal = Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi | volume = 44 | issue = 6 | pages = 327-31 | month = Jun | year = 2009 | doi =  | PMID = 19953947 }}</ref><ref name=pmid16545712>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Lee | first1 = JJ. | last2 = Hung | first2 = HC. | last3 = Cheng | first3 = SJ. | last4 = Chen | first4 = YJ. | last5 = Chiang | first5 = CP. | last6 = Liu | first6 = BY. | last7 = Jeng | first7 = JH. | last8 = Chang | first8 = HH. | last9 = Kuo | first9 = YS. | title = Carcinoma and dysplasia in oral leukoplakias in Taiwan: prevalence and risk factors. | journal = Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod | volume = 101 | issue = 4 | pages = 472-80 | month = Apr | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1016/j.tripleo.2005.07.024 | PMID = 16545712 }}</ref>
*Non-homogenous leukoplakia has a greater risk of malignancy than homogenous.<ref name=pmid16545712/>
*Location matters - floor of mouth and ventral tongue lesions higher risk for malignancy.<ref name=pmid7548621>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Sciubba | first1 = JJ. | title = Oral leukoplakia. | journal = Crit Rev Oral Biol Med | volume = 6 | issue = 2 | pages = 147-60 | month =  | year = 1995 | doi =  | PMID = 7548621 | URL = http://cro.sagepub.com/content/6/2/147.long }}</ref>
 
==Gross==
*White lesion - may be subdivided:
**Non-homogenous.
**Homogenous.
 
==Microscopic==
Features:<ref name=Ref_PBoD780>{{Ref PBoD|780}}</ref>
*Often associated with epithelial thickening ([[hyperkeratosis]], [[acanthosis]]).
 
DDx:
*Food debris.
*[[Oral candidiasis]].
*[[Lichen planus]].
*[[Benign alveolar ridge keratosis]] (oral [[lichen simplex chronicus]]).<ref name=pmid18158926>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Natarajan | first1 = E. | last2 = Woo | first2 = SB. | title = Benign alveolar ridge keratosis (oral lichen simplex chronicus): A distinct clinicopathologic entity. | journal = J Am Acad Dermatol | volume = 58 | issue = 1 | pages = 151-7 | month = Jan | year = 2008 | doi = 10.1016/j.jaad.2007.07.011 | PMID = 18158926 }}</ref>
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck]].
*Others - see ''[[Dermatopathology#Leukoplakia]]''.
 
==See also==
*[[An introduction to head and neck pathology]].
*[[Erythroplakia]].
*[[Leukoedema]].
 
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
 
[[Category:Clinical]]
[[Category:Head and neck pathology]]

Latest revision as of 18:16, 2 May 2017

Leukoplakia is a relatively common clinical finding in clinical medicine. This article looks at leukoplakia of the head and neck.

Leukoplakia. (WC/Aitor III)

Hairy leukoplakia is dealt with separately. The typical benign leukoplakia is also dealt with separately.

General

Risk of malignancy:

  • In twos series ~13% were associated with an invasive lesion.[2][3]
  • Non-homogenous leukoplakia has a greater risk of malignancy than homogenous.[3]
  • Location matters - floor of mouth and ventral tongue lesions higher risk for malignancy.[4]

Gross

  • White lesion - may be subdivided:
    • Non-homogenous.
    • Homogenous.

Microscopic

Features:[5]

DDx:

See also

References

  1. ↑ Bánóczy, J.; Gintner, Z.; Dombi, C. (Apr 2001). "Tobacco use and oral leukoplakia.". J Dent Educ 65 (4): 322-7. PMID 11336117.
  2. ↑ Lan, AX.; Guan, XB.; Sun, Z. (Jun 2009). "[Analysis of risk factors for carcinogenesis of oral leukoplakia].". Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 44 (6): 327-31. PMID 19953947.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lee, JJ.; Hung, HC.; Cheng, SJ.; Chen, YJ.; Chiang, CP.; Liu, BY.; Jeng, JH.; Chang, HH. et al. (Apr 2006). "Carcinoma and dysplasia in oral leukoplakias in Taiwan: prevalence and risk factors.". Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 101 (4): 472-80. doi:10.1016/j.tripleo.2005.07.024. PMID 16545712.
  4. ↑ Sciubba, JJ. (1995). "Oral leukoplakia.". Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 6 (2): 147-60. PMID 7548621.
  5. ↑ Cotran, Ramzi S.; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Nelso Fausto; Robbins, Stanley L.; Abbas, Abul K. (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease (7th ed.). St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier Saunders. pp. 780. ISBN 0-7216-0187-1.
  6. ↑ Natarajan, E.; Woo, SB. (Jan 2008). "Benign alveolar ridge keratosis (oral lichen simplex chronicus): A distinct clinicopathologic entity.". J Am Acad Dermatol 58 (1): 151-7. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2007.07.011. PMID 18158926.
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