Difference between revisions of "Peritoneum"
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The '''peritoneum''' is a much neglected area, with relatively little [[pathology]]. It includes the omentum which is dealt with in the ''[[omentum]]'' article. | The '''peritoneum''' is a much neglected area, with relatively little [[pathology]]. It includes the omentum which is dealt with in the ''[[omentum]]'' article. | ||
=Benign= | |||
==Peritoneal implants== | |||
{{Main|Peritoneal implants}} | |||
*These are dealt with in the ''ovarian tumours'' article. Broadly speaking they may be: (1) desmoplastic non-invasive, (2) epithelial non-invasive, and (3) ''invasive''. | |||
==Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma== | |||
:Should '''not''' be confused with ''[[malignant mesothelioma]]'' or ''[[benign multicystic mesothelioma]]''. | |||
*[[AKA]] ''benign papillary mesothelioma''. | |||
{{Main|Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma}} | |||
==Peritoneal inclusion cyst== | |||
{{Main|Peritoneal inclusion cyst}} | |||
*[[AKA]] ''inflammatory cyst of the peritoneum''. | |||
*[[AKA]] ''[[mesothelial inclusion cyst]]''.{{fact}} | |||
*[[AKA]] ''benign multicystic mesothelioma''.<ref name=pmid19386139>{{Cite journal | last1 = Vallerie | first1 = AM. | last2 = Lerner | first2 = JP. | last3 = Wright | first3 = JD. | last4 = Baxi | first4 = LV. | title = Peritoneal inclusion cysts: a review. | journal = Obstet Gynecol Surv | volume = 64 | issue = 5 | pages = 321-34 | month = May | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1097/OGX.0b013e31819f93d4 | PMID = 19386139 }}</ref> | |||
**Should '''not''' be confused with ''[[malignant mesothelioma]]'' and ''[[benign papillary mesothelioma]]''. | |||
=Malignant= | |||
==Primary peritoneal serous carcinoma== | ==Primary peritoneal serous carcinoma== | ||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
*Very rare. | *Very rare. | ||
*Reported in men.<ref name=pmid11398893>{{Cite journal | last1 = Shmueli | first1 = E. | last2 = Leider-Trejo | first2 = L. | last3 = Schwartz | first3 = I. | last4 = Aderka | first4 = D. | last5 = Inbar | first5 = M. | title = Primary papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum in a man. | journal = Ann Oncol | volume = 12 | issue = 4 | pages = 563-7 | month = Apr | year = 2001 | doi = | PMID = 11398893 }}</ref> | |||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
Features: | Features: | ||
*Like serous carcinoma elsewhere - see ''[[ovarian serous carcinoma]]''. | *Like serous carcinoma elsewhere - see ''[[ovarian serous carcinoma]]''. | ||
*To exclude ovarian serous carcinoma all of the following criteria must be met:<ref name=pmid19746214>{{Cite journal | last1 = Roh | first1 = SY. | last2 = Hong | first2 = SH. | last3 = Ko | first3 = YH. | last4 = Kim | first4 = TH. | last5 = Lee | first5 = MA. | last6 = Shim | first6 = BY. | last7 = Byun | first7 = JH. | last8 = Woo | first8 = IS. | last9 = Kang | first9 = JH. | title = Clinical characteristics of primary peritoneal carcinoma. | journal = Cancer Res Treat | volume = 39 | issue = 2 | pages = 65-8 | month = Jun | year = 2007 | doi = 10.4143/crt.2007.39.2.65 | PMID = 19746214 |PMC = 273931 | URL = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2739319/ }}</ref> | *To exclude ovarian serous carcinoma all of the following criteria must be met:<ref name=pmid19746214>{{Cite journal | last1 = Roh | first1 = SY. | last2 = Hong | first2 = SH. | last3 = Ko | first3 = YH. | last4 = Kim | first4 = TH. | last5 = Lee | first5 = MA. | last6 = Shim | first6 = BY. | last7 = Byun | first7 = JH. | last8 = Woo | first8 = IS. | last9 = Kang | first9 = JH. | title = Clinical characteristics of primary peritoneal carcinoma. | journal = Cancer Res Treat | volume = 39 | issue = 2 | pages = 65-8 | month = Jun | year = 2007 | doi = 10.4143/crt.2007.39.2.65 | PMID = 19746214 |PMC = 273931 | URL = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2739319/ }}</ref> | ||
*#Histology of the tumour = serous carcinoma. | *#Histology of the tumour = serous carcinoma. | ||
| Line 16: | Line 33: | ||
*#Previous ovarian serous carcinoma is excluded. | *#Previous ovarian serous carcinoma is excluded. | ||
*#*Old oopherectomies reviewed if possible. | *#*Old oopherectomies reviewed if possible. | ||
DDx: | |||
*[[Ovarian serous carcinoma]]. | |||
*Other serous carcinomas - see ''[[serous carcinoma]]''. | |||
*[[Malignant mesothelioma]]. | |||
===IHC=== | ===IHC=== | ||
*Like serous carcinoma elsewhere - see ''[[ovarian serous carcinoma]]''. | *Like serous carcinoma elsewhere - see ''[[ovarian serous carcinoma]]''. | ||
==See also | ===Sign out=== | ||
Should have comment something like: | |||
<pre> | |||
High-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary/fallopian tube/periteonum is associated | |||
with BRCA1/2 mutation in approximately 20% of patients. Referral to genetic | |||
counseling is recommended. | |||
</pre> | |||
==Malignant mesothelioma== | |||
{{Main|Malignant mesothelioma}} | |||
This is like the tumour found in the pleural cavity. | |||
==Peritoneal metastasis== | |||
*[[AKA]] ''metastatic peritoneal disease''. | |||
{{Main|Metastasis}} | |||
===General=== | |||
Common causes: | |||
*Gastrointestinal tract, esp. [[colorectal carcinoma]]. | |||
*Gynecologic tract. | |||
Note: | |||
*Peritoneal disease in the context of liver metastases in [[colorectal carcinoma]] contraindicates liver resection.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Elias | first1 = D. | last2 = Rougier | first2 = P. | last3 = Mankarios | first3 = H. | last4 = Fahrat | first4 = F. | last5 = Lasser | first5 = P. | title = [Resectable liver metastases and synchronous extra-hepatic sites of colorectal origin. Surgical indications]. | journal = Presse Med | volume = 22 | issue = 11 | pages = 515-20 | month = Mar | year = 1993 | doi = | PMID = 8511077 }}</ref> | |||
===Microscopic=== | |||
:See ''[[metastasis]]''. | |||
=See also= | |||
*[[Omentum]]. | *[[Omentum]]. | ||
*[[Gynecologic pathology]]. | *[[Gynecologic pathology]]. | ||
*[[Serous carcinoma]]. | *[[Serous carcinoma]]. | ||
=References= | |||
{{Reflist| | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Gynecologic pathology]] | [[Category:Gynecologic pathology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:07, 29 April 2022
The peritoneum is a much neglected area, with relatively little pathology. It includes the omentum which is dealt with in the omentum article.
Benign
Peritoneal implants
Main article: Peritoneal implants
- These are dealt with in the ovarian tumours article. Broadly speaking they may be: (1) desmoplastic non-invasive, (2) epithelial non-invasive, and (3) invasive.
Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma
- Should not be confused with malignant mesothelioma or benign multicystic mesothelioma.
- AKA benign papillary mesothelioma.
Main article: Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma
Peritoneal inclusion cyst
Main article: Peritoneal inclusion cyst
- AKA inflammatory cyst of the peritoneum.
- AKA mesothelial inclusion cyst.[citation needed]
- AKA benign multicystic mesothelioma.[1]
- Should not be confused with malignant mesothelioma and benign papillary mesothelioma.
Malignant
Primary peritoneal serous carcinoma
General
- Very rare.
- Reported in men.[2]
Microscopic
Features:
- Like serous carcinoma elsewhere - see ovarian serous carcinoma.
- To exclude ovarian serous carcinoma all of the following criteria must be met:[3]
- Histology of the tumour = serous carcinoma.
- Bulk of the tumour involves the peritoneum.
- Ovarian substance tumour extent less than 5 x 5 mm in plane of section.
- Previous ovarian serous carcinoma is excluded.
- Old oopherectomies reviewed if possible.
DDx:
- Ovarian serous carcinoma.
- Other serous carcinomas - see serous carcinoma.
- Malignant mesothelioma.
IHC
- Like serous carcinoma elsewhere - see ovarian serous carcinoma.
Sign out
Should have comment something like:
High-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary/fallopian tube/periteonum is associated with BRCA1/2 mutation in approximately 20% of patients. Referral to genetic counseling is recommended.
Malignant mesothelioma
Main article: Malignant mesothelioma
This is like the tumour found in the pleural cavity.
Peritoneal metastasis
- AKA metastatic peritoneal disease.
Main article: Metastasis
General
Common causes:
- Gastrointestinal tract, esp. colorectal carcinoma.
- Gynecologic tract.
Note:
- Peritoneal disease in the context of liver metastases in colorectal carcinoma contraindicates liver resection.[4]
Microscopic
- See metastasis.
See also
References
- ↑ Vallerie, AM.; Lerner, JP.; Wright, JD.; Baxi, LV. (May 2009). "Peritoneal inclusion cysts: a review.". Obstet Gynecol Surv 64 (5): 321-34. doi:10.1097/OGX.0b013e31819f93d4. PMID 19386139.
- ↑ Shmueli, E.; Leider-Trejo, L.; Schwartz, I.; Aderka, D.; Inbar, M. (Apr 2001). "Primary papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum in a man.". Ann Oncol 12 (4): 563-7. PMID 11398893.
- ↑ Roh, SY.; Hong, SH.; Ko, YH.; Kim, TH.; Lee, MA.; Shim, BY.; Byun, JH.; Woo, IS. et al. (Jun 2007). "Clinical characteristics of primary peritoneal carcinoma.". Cancer Res Treat 39 (2): 65-8. doi:10.4143/crt.2007.39.2.65. PMC 273931. PMID 19746214. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC273931/.
- ↑ Elias, D.; Rougier, P.; Mankarios, H.; Fahrat, F.; Lasser, P. (Mar 1993). "[Resectable liver metastases and synchronous extra-hepatic sites of colorectal origin. Surgical indications].". Presse Med 22 (11): 515-20. PMID 8511077.