Difference between revisions of "Pulmonary infarct"
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{{ Infobox diagnosis | |||
| Name = {{PAGENAME}} | |||
| Image = Pulmonary_infarct_intermed_mag.jpg | |||
| Width = | |||
| Caption = Pulmonary infarct. [[H&E stain]]. | |||
| Synonyms = lung infarct | |||
| Micro = [[necrosis]] of alveolar walls - loss of nuclei, alveolar hemorrhage, +/-evidence of underlying cause | |||
| Subtypes = | |||
| LMDDx = see ''Associated Dx'' | |||
| Stains = | |||
| IHC = | |||
| EM = | |||
| Molecular = | |||
| IF = | |||
| Gross = lung periphery, classically described as wedge-shaped | |||
| Grossing = | |||
| Site = [[lung]] | |||
| Assdx = underlying causes: [[sickle cell disease]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[vasculitides]], malignancy (e.g. [[lymphoma]]), drug toxicity, others | |||
| Syndromes = | |||
| Clinicalhx = | |||
| Signs = | |||
| Symptoms = | |||
| Prevalence = uncommon | |||
| Bloodwork = | |||
| Rads = reverse halo sign | |||
| Endoscopy = | |||
| Prognosis = dependent on underlying cause | |||
| Other = | |||
| ClinDDx = | |||
| Tx = dependent on underlying cause | |||
}} | |||
'''Pulmonary infarct''' is the death of [[lung]] tissue due to oxygen deprivation. | '''Pulmonary infarct''' is the death of [[lung]] tissue due to oxygen deprivation. | ||
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Common causes:<ref>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/908045-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/908045-overview]. Accessed on: 12 April 2012.</ref> | Common causes:<ref>URL: [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/908045-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/908045-overview]. Accessed on: 12 April 2012.</ref> | ||
*[[Pulmonary embolism]]. | *[[Pulmonary embolism]].<ref name=pmid23395814>{{Cite journal | last1 = Casullo | first1 = J. | last2 = Semionov | first2 = A. | title = Reversed halo sign in acute pulmonary embolism and infarction. | journal = Acta Radiol | volume = | issue = | pages = | month = Feb | year = 2013 | doi = 10.1177/0284185113475797 | PMID = 23395814 }}</ref> | ||
*[[Sickle cell disease]]. | *[[Sickle cell disease]]. | ||
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**Point furthest from the pleura close to the compromised artery that lead to infarction. | **Point furthest from the pleura close to the compromised artery that lead to infarction. | ||
Radiology: | |||
*Reverse halo sign.<ref name=pmid23395814/> | |||
Images: | |||
*[http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/258474/enlarge Pulmonary infarct (sciencephoto.com)]. | *[http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/258474/enlarge Pulmonary infarct (sciencephoto.com)]. | ||
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/pulmonary_pathology/3732297830/ Pulmonary infarct (flickr.com)] | *[http://www.flickr.com/photos/pulmonary_pathology/3732297830/ Pulmonary infarct (flickr.com)] | ||
Latest revision as of 02:48, 29 March 2015
| Pulmonary infarct | |
|---|---|
| Diagnosis in short | |
 Pulmonary infarct. H&E stain. | |
|
| |
| Synonyms | lung infarct |
|
| |
| LM | necrosis of alveolar walls - loss of nuclei, alveolar hemorrhage, +/-evidence of underlying cause |
| LM DDx | see Associated Dx |
| Gross | lung periphery, classically described as wedge-shaped |
| Site | lung |
|
| |
| Associated Dx | underlying causes: sickle cell disease, pulmonary embolism, vasculitides, malignancy (e.g. lymphoma), drug toxicity, others |
| Prevalence | uncommon |
| Radiology | reverse halo sign |
| Prognosis | dependent on underlying cause |
| Treatment | dependent on underlying cause |
Pulmonary infarct is the death of lung tissue due to oxygen deprivation.
It is also known as a lung infarct, lung infarction, and pulmonary infarction.
General
- Uncommon because of the dual blood supply (systemic via the bronchial arteries, pulmonary via the pulmonary arteries).
Common causes:[1]
Less common causes:
- Lymphoma, esp. acute promyelocytic leukemia.
- Drugs, e.g. chemotherapy.
- Vasculitis.
- Others.
Gross
- Lung periphery, classically described as wedge-shaped.
Note:
- In a histologic section, the classic wedge-shaped infarct is triangular:
- Base of triangle on the pleural aspect.
- Point furthest from the pleura close to the compromised artery that lead to infarction.
Radiology:
- Reverse halo sign.[2]
Images:
Microscopic
Features:
- Necrosis of alveolar walls - loss of nuclei.
- Alveolar hemorrhage.
Image
Pulmonary infarct - low mag. (WC)
See also
References
- ↑ URL: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/908045-overview. Accessed on: 12 April 2012.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Casullo, J.; Semionov, A. (Feb 2013). "Reversed halo sign in acute pulmonary embolism and infarction.". Acta Radiol. doi:10.1177/0284185113475797. PMID 23395814.