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Difference between revisions of "Emphysema"
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{{ Infobox diagnosis | |||
| Name = {{PAGENAME}} | |||
| Image = Emphysema_low_mag.jpg | |||
| Width = | |||
| Caption = Emphysematous changes. [[H&E stain]]. | |||
| Synonyms = | |||
| Micro = | |||
| Subtypes = | |||
| LMDDx = | |||
| Stains = | |||
| IHC = | |||
| EM = | |||
| Molecular = | |||
| IF = | |||
| Gross = usually upper lobe predominant - blebs, bullae | |||
| Grossing = | |||
| Site = [[lung]] | |||
| Assdx = +/-pneumothorax | |||
| Syndromes = [[Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency]], others | |||
| Clinicalhx = [[smoking]] | |||
| Signs = barrel chest | |||
| Symptoms = shortness of breath | |||
| Prevalence = common | |||
| Bloodwork = | |||
| Rads = hyperinflation | |||
| Endoscopy = | |||
| Prognosis = dependent on underlying cause | |||
| Other = | |||
| ClinDDx = | |||
| Tx = stop smoking, bullectomy | |||
}} | |||
'''Emphysema''' is a common [[medical lung diseases|medical lung disease]] strongly associated with [[smoking]]. | '''Emphysema''' is a common [[medical lung diseases|medical lung disease]] strongly associated with [[smoking]]. | ||
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Causes of emphysema other than smoking:<ref name=pmid12546267>{{Cite journal | last1 = Lee | first1 = P. | last2 = Gildea | first2 = TR. | last3 = Stoller | first3 = JK. | title = Emphysema in nonsmokers: alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and other causes. | journal = Cleve Clin J Med | volume = 69 | issue = 12 | pages = 928-9, 933, 936 passim | month = Dec | year = 2002 | doi = | PMID = 12546267 | URL = http://www.ccjm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=12546267 }}</ref> | Causes of emphysema other than smoking:<ref name=pmid12546267>{{Cite journal | last1 = Lee | first1 = P. | last2 = Gildea | first2 = TR. | last3 = Stoller | first3 = JK. | title = Emphysema in nonsmokers: alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and other causes. | journal = Cleve Clin J Med | volume = 69 | issue = 12 | pages = 928-9, 933, 936 passim | month = Dec | year = 2002 | doi = | PMID = 12546267 | URL = http://www.ccjm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=12546267 }}</ref> | ||
*[[Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency]] | *[[Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency]]. | ||
*[[Connective tissue diseases]]. | *[[Connective tissue diseases]]. | ||
**[[Marfan syndrome]]. | **[[Marfan syndrome]]. | ||