Difference between revisions of "Electron microscopy"

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This article collection stuffs about '''electron microscopy'''.
This article is a brief collection things '''electron microscopy'''. It is commonly abbreviated '''EM'''. 


[[Fixation]] for EM is often done with glutaraldehyde.<ref name=pmid8787969>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Prentø | first1 = P. | title = Glutaraldehyde for electron microscopy: a practical investigation of commercial glutaraldehydes and glutaraldehyde-storage conditions. | journal = Histochem J | volume = 27 | issue = 11 | pages = 906-13 | month = Nov | year = 1995 | doi =  | PMID = 8787969 }}</ref>
=Ultrastructural findings=
==Glycogen==
==Glycogen==
===General===
Seen in:
*[[Glycogen storage disorders]].
*[[Ewing sarcoma]].
===Ultrastructure===
Appearance:
Appearance:
*Cytoplasmic, electron dense, not bound by a membrane.
*Cytoplasmic, electron dense, not bound by a membrane.
Seen in:
*[[Glycogen storage disorders]].


==Tubuloreticular inclusions==
==Tubuloreticular inclusions==
Abbreviated ''TRIs''.
Abbreviated ''TRIs''.
===General===
Seen in:
*[[Dermatomyositis]].
*[[Inclusion body myositis]].


===Ultrastructure===
Appearance:
Appearance:
*Undulating tubules in the smooth ER, usu. perinuclear.<ref name=pmid19330338>{{cite journal |author=Stoltenburg-Didinger G, Genth E |title=[Dermatomyositis] |language=German |journal=Z Rheumatol |volume=68 |issue=4 |pages=287–94 |year=2009 |month=June |pmid=19330338 |doi=10.1007/s00393-008-0398-y |url=}}</ref>
*Undulating tubules in the smooth ER, usu. perinuclear.<ref name=pmid19330338>{{cite journal |author=Stoltenburg-Didinger G, Genth E |title=[Dermatomyositis] |language=German |journal=Z Rheumatol |volume=68 |issue=4 |pages=287–94 |year=2009 |month=June |pmid=19330338 |doi=10.1007/s00393-008-0398-y |url=}}</ref>


==Melanosomes==
===General===
Seen in:
Seen in:
*[[Dermatomyositis]].
*[[Melanoma]].
*Inclusion body myositis.


==Melanosomes==
===Ultrastructure===
Appearance:
Appearance:
*Membrane bound, sausage-like shape.
*Membrane bound, sausage-like shape.
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*[http://www.nature.com/nrm/journal/v8/n10/fig_tab/nrm2258_F1.html Melanosomes (nature.com)].
*[http://www.nature.com/nrm/journal/v8/n10/fig_tab/nrm2258_F1.html Melanosomes (nature.com)].


==Neurosecretory granules==
*[[AKA]] ''dense-core granules''.
===General===
Seen in:
Seen in:
*[[Melanoma]].
*[[Neuroendocrine carcinoma]].
 
**[[Merkel cell carcinoma]].<ref name=pmid9062165>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Gil-Moreno | first1 = A. | last2 = Garcia-Jiménez | first2 = A. | last3 = González-Bosquet | first3 = J. | last4 = Esteller | first4 = M. | last5 = Castellví-Vives | first5 = J. | last6 = Martínez Palones | first6 = JM. | last7 = Xercavins | first7 = J. | title = Merkel cell carcinoma of the vulva. | journal = Gynecol Oncol | volume = 64 | issue = 3 | pages = 526-32 | month = Mar | year = 1997 | doi = | PMID = 9062165 }}</ref>
==Dense-core granule==
*[[AKA]] neurosecretory granules


===Ultrastructure===
Appearance:<ref>URL: [http://www.pathologyimagesinc.com/emhandbook/diagn-organelles-section/organelle-pages/neuroendo-granules.html http://www.pathologyimagesinc.com/emhandbook/diagn-organelles-section/organelle-pages/neuroendo-granules.html]. Accessed on: 11 February 2011.</ref>
Appearance:<ref>URL: [http://www.pathologyimagesinc.com/emhandbook/diagn-organelles-section/organelle-pages/neuroendo-granules.html http://www.pathologyimagesinc.com/emhandbook/diagn-organelles-section/organelle-pages/neuroendo-granules.html]. Accessed on: 11 February 2011.</ref>
*Round membrane bound, granular core.
*Round membrane bound, granular core.
Line 36: Line 51:


Image(s):
Image(s):
*[http://pathhsw5m54.ucsf.edu/case7/image77.html Neuroendocrine tumors (ucsf.edu)].
*[http://pathhsw5m54.ucsf.edu/case7/image77.html Neuroendocrine tumours (ucsf.edu)].
 
Seen in:
*Neuroendocrine carcinomas.


==Birbeck granules==
==Birbeck granules==
===General===
*Seen in [[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]].
*Seen in [[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]].


===Ultrastructure===
Appearance:
Appearance:
*Electron dense, cytoplasmic tennis racket-like body.
*Electron dense, cytoplasmic tennis racket-like body.
Line 51: Line 65:
**Usually... only the handle of the tennis racket is well seen.
**Usually... only the handle of the tennis racket is well seen.


==See also==
==Tonofilaments==
===General===
*Found in epithelial cells.
*Part of the cytoskeleton.
*May be found in the epithelioid component of a biphasic [[synovial sarcoma]].<ref name=pmid9930576>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Fisher | first1 = C. | title = Synovial sarcoma. | journal = Ann Diagn Pathol | volume = 2 | issue = 6 | pages = 401-21 | month = Dec | year = 1998 | doi =  | PMID = 9930576 }}</ref>
 
===Ultrastructure===
Features:
*Filamentous structures at the cell periphery - vaguely resemble striated muscle.
 
Image(s):
*[http://www.bioscience.org/atlases/tumpath/em/tonofila.htm Tonofilaments (bioscience.org)].
 
==Zymogen granules==
===General===
*Seen in [[acinic cell carcinoma]].
*[[Pancreas]] - acinar cell.<ref name=pmid11030603>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Gorelick | first1 = FS. | last2 = Otani | first2 = T. | title = Mechanisms of intracellular zymogen activation. | journal = Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol | volume = 13 | issue = 2 | pages = 227-40 | month = Jul | year = 1999 | doi =  | PMID = 11030603 }}
</ref>
 
===Ultrastructure===
Features:
*Round structures ~0.5-1.5 μm.
 
Images:
*[http://db2.photoresearchers.com/preview/9C3411.html Zymogen granules (photoresearchers.com)].
*[http://www3.mpibpc.mpg.de/groups/em/Gallery/Pnacreas/158wt1.jpg Zymogen granules (mpg.de)].<ref>URL: [http://www3.mpibpc.mpg.de/groups/em/Gallery.htm http://www3.mpibpc.mpg.de/groups/em/Gallery.htm]. Accessed on: 1 June 2012.</ref>
 
=Specific diagnoses=
==Malignant mesothelioma==
{{Main|Malignant mesothelioma}}
Several EM features can be useful to distinguish mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma as per Warhol ''et al'':<ref name=pmid6287872>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Warhol | first1 = MJ. | last2 = Hickey | first2 = WF. | last3 = Corson | first3 = JM. | title = Malignant mesothelioma: ultrastructural distinction from adenocarcinoma. | journal = Am J Surg Pathol | volume = 6 | issue = 4 | pages = 307-14 | month = Jun | year = 1982 | doi =  | PMID = 6287872 }}</ref>
*Microvillous length -- longer in mesothelioma.
*Quantity of intermediate filaments -- mesothelioma have more.
 
=See also=
*[[Microscope]].
*[[Microscope]].
*[[Medical kidney diseases]].
*[[Medical kidney diseases]].


==References==
=References=
{{reflist}}
{{reflist|2}}


==External links==
=External links=
*[http://www.uni-mainz.de/FB/Medizin/Anatomie/workshop/EM/EMGlykogenE.html Electron microscopy atlas (uni-mainz.de)].
*[http://www.uni-mainz.de/FB/Medizin/Anatomie/workshop/EM/EMGlykogenE.html Electron microscopy atlas (uni-mainz.de)].


[[Category:Weird stuff]]
[[Category:Weird stuff]]

Latest revision as of 15:29, 4 February 2014

This article is a brief collection things electron microscopy. It is commonly abbreviated EM.

Fixation for EM is often done with glutaraldehyde.[1]

Ultrastructural findings

Glycogen

General

Seen in:

Ultrastructure

Appearance:

  • Cytoplasmic, electron dense, not bound by a membrane.

Tubuloreticular inclusions

Abbreviated TRIs.

General

Seen in:

Ultrastructure

Appearance:

  • Undulating tubules in the smooth ER, usu. perinuclear.[2]

Melanosomes

General

Seen in:

Ultrastructure

Appearance:

  • Membrane bound, sausage-like shape.

Image(s):

Neurosecretory granules

  • AKA dense-core granules.

General

Seen in:

Ultrastructure

Appearance:[4]

  • Round membrane bound, granular core.
  • Size: 100-400 nm.

Image(s):

Birbeck granules

General

Ultrastructure

Appearance:

  • Electron dense, cytoplasmic tennis racket-like body.

Image(s):

Tonofilaments

General

  • Found in epithelial cells.
  • Part of the cytoskeleton.
  • May be found in the epithelioid component of a biphasic synovial sarcoma.[5]

Ultrastructure

Features:

  • Filamentous structures at the cell periphery - vaguely resemble striated muscle.

Image(s):

Zymogen granules

General

Ultrastructure

Features:

  • Round structures ~0.5-1.5 μm.

Images:

Specific diagnoses

Malignant mesothelioma

Main article: Malignant mesothelioma

Several EM features can be useful to distinguish mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma as per Warhol et al:[8]

  • Microvillous length -- longer in mesothelioma.
  • Quantity of intermediate filaments -- mesothelioma have more.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Prentø, P. (Nov 1995). "Glutaraldehyde for electron microscopy: a practical investigation of commercial glutaraldehydes and glutaraldehyde-storage conditions.". Histochem J 27 (11): 906-13. PMID 8787969.
  2. ↑ Stoltenburg-Didinger G, Genth E (June 2009). "[Dermatomyositis]" (in German). Z Rheumatol 68 (4): 287–94. doi:10.1007/s00393-008-0398-y. PMID 19330338.
  3. ↑ Gil-Moreno, A.; Garcia-Jiménez, A.; González-Bosquet, J.; Esteller, M.; Castellví-Vives, J.; Martínez Palones, JM.; Xercavins, J. (Mar 1997). "Merkel cell carcinoma of the vulva.". Gynecol Oncol 64 (3): 526-32. PMID 9062165.
  4. ↑ URL: http://www.pathologyimagesinc.com/emhandbook/diagn-organelles-section/organelle-pages/neuroendo-granules.html. Accessed on: 11 February 2011.
  5. ↑ Fisher, C. (Dec 1998). "Synovial sarcoma.". Ann Diagn Pathol 2 (6): 401-21. PMID 9930576.
  6. ↑ Gorelick, FS.; Otani, T. (Jul 1999). "Mechanisms of intracellular zymogen activation.". Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 13 (2): 227-40. PMID 11030603.
  7. ↑ URL: http://www3.mpibpc.mpg.de/groups/em/Gallery.htm. Accessed on: 1 June 2012.
  8. ↑ Warhol, MJ.; Hickey, WF.; Corson, JM. (Jun 1982). "Malignant mesothelioma: ultrastructural distinction from adenocarcinoma.". Am J Surg Pathol 6 (4): 307-14. PMID 6287872.

External links

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