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Difference between revisions of "Microorganisms"
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==Histoplasmosis== | ==Histoplasmosis== | ||
*''Histoplasma capulatum'' - primative fungus, typical location: lung. | *''Histoplasma capulatum'' - primative fungus, typical location: lung. | ||
** Often in yeast form in tissue 2-5 micrometres.<ref>WMSP | ** Often in yeast form in tissue 2-5 micrometres.<ref name=Ref_WMSP103>{{Ref WMSP|103}}</ref> | ||
** Nice bright red on PAS-D - [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Histoplasma_pas-d.jpg histoplasmosis (wikipedia.org)]. | ** Nice bright red on PAS-D - [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Histoplasma_pas-d.jpg histoplasmosis (wikipedia.org)]. | ||
==Coccidiomycosis== | ==Coccidiomycosis== | ||
*''Coccidioides immitis'' - fungus, from soil, typical locations: lung, oral cavity.<ref>WMSP | *''Coccidioides immitis'' - fungus, from soil, typical locations: lung, oral cavity.<ref name=Ref_WMSP3>{{Ref WMSP|3}}</ref> | ||
** Forms spherules 60-80 micrometres in size.<ref>WMSP | ** Forms spherules 60-80 micrometres in size.<ref name=Ref_WMSP103>{{Ref WMSP|103}}</ref> | ||
** [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mature_spherule_with_endospores_of_Coccidioides_immitis_PHIL_480_lores.jpg Coccidioides (commons.wikimedia.org)]. | ** [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mature_spherule_with_endospores_of_Coccidioides_immitis_PHIL_480_lores.jpg Coccidioides (commons.wikimedia.org)]. | ||
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*''Pneumocystis jirovecii'' (used to be called ''Pneumocystis carinii'') - fungus (that used to be considered a parasite), typical location: lung. | *''Pneumocystis jirovecii'' (used to be called ''Pneumocystis carinii'') - fungus (that used to be considered a parasite), typical location: lung. | ||
**Clinical: Opportunistic infection. May have subtle finding on chest x-ray. | **Clinical: Opportunistic infection. May have subtle finding on chest x-ray. | ||
**"Dented ping-pong ball" appearance;<ref>WMSP | **"Dented ping-pong ball" appearance;<ref name=Ref_WMSP103>{{Ref WMSP|103}}</ref> - remember '''P'''C'''P''' = '''p'''ing-'''p'''ong. | ||
**Approximately 7-8 micrometres in size - [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pneumocystosis_carinii_of_lung_in_AIDS_959_lores.jpg PCP (WP)]. [http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&search=Pneumocystis+carinii&go=Go Several images are here (WC)]. | **Approximately 7-8 micrometres in size - [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pneumocystosis_carinii_of_lung_in_AIDS_959_lores.jpg PCP (WP)]. [http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&search=Pneumocystis+carinii&go=Go Several images are here (WC)]. | ||
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*Commonly ''Candida albicans'' - yeast (fungus), locations: oral cavity, vagina. | *Commonly ''Candida albicans'' - yeast (fungus), locations: oral cavity, vagina. | ||
*''Dimorphic'' - seen in two forms: | *''Dimorphic'' - seen in two forms: | ||
**Pseudohyphae<ref>WMSP | **Pseudohyphae<ref name=Ref_WMSP3>{{Ref WMSP|3}}</ref> - collections of many ''C. albicans'' cells in a branching pattern. | ||
**Yeast form - single cells, 10 to 12 micrometres in diameter, gram positive.<ref>[http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/mycology/mycology-3.htm http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/mycology/mycology-3.htm]</ref> | **Yeast form - single cells, 10 to 12 micrometres in diameter, gram positive.<ref>[http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/mycology/mycology-3.htm http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/mycology/mycology-3.htm]</ref> | ||
*Stains: PAS, methenamine silver. | *Stains: PAS, methenamine silver. | ||
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==Blastomycosis== | ==Blastomycosis== | ||
*Usually ''Blastomyces dermatitidis'' - fungus. | *Usually ''Blastomyces dermatitidis'' - fungus. | ||
*May be in the oral cavity.<ref>WMSP | *May be in the oral cavity.<ref name=Ref_WMSP3>{{Ref WMSP|3}}</ref> | ||
*Histology = '''B'''road-based budding yeast -- is '''B'''lastomyces.<ref name=pmid12375640>PMID 12375640</ref> | *Histology = '''B'''road-based budding yeast -- is '''B'''lastomyces.<ref name=pmid12375640>PMID 12375640</ref> | ||
**The interface between two separating fungi, i.e. fungi in the process of reproducing, is very large. | **The interface between two separating fungi, i.e. fungi in the process of reproducing, is very large. | ||