O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase
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O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, abbreviated MGMT, is a gene encoding for O6-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase which is required for genomic stability. Because the product can antagonize the efficiacy of alkylating substances, the methylation state of the MGMT gene determines whether tumor cells in glioblastoma would be responsive to therapy with temozolomide. A methylated (ie silenced) MGMT promotor is therefore a predictive and prognostic biomarker.[1]
MGMT testing in neuropathology is usually performed by semi-quantitative methylation-specific PCR, pyrosequencing, methylation-specific multiplexed ligation probe amplification (MS-MLPA)or methylation profiling arrays. MGMT immunohistochemistry is not recommended.[2][3]
See also
References
- ↑ Stupp, R.; Hegi, ME.; Mason, WP.; van den Bent, MJ.; Taphoorn, MJ.; Janzer, RC.; Ludwin, SK.; Allgeier, A. et al. (May 2009). "Effects of radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide versus radiotherapy alone on survival in glioblastoma in a randomised phase III study: 5-year analysis of the EORTC-NCIC trial.". Lancet Oncol 10 (5): 459-66. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(09)70025-7. PMID 19269895.
- ↑ Quillien, V.; Lavenu, A.; Ducray, F.; Joly, MO.; Chinot, O.; Fina, F.; Sanson, M.; Carpentier, C. et al. (09 2016). "Validation of the high-performance of pyrosequencing for clinical MGMT testing on a cohort of glioblastoma patients from a prospective dedicated multicentric trial.". Oncotarget 7 (38): 61916-61929. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.11322. PMID 27542245.
- ↑ Trabelsi, S.; Mama, N.; Ladib, M.; Karmeni, N.; Haddaji Mastouri, M.; Chourabi, M.; Mokni, M.; Tlili, K. et al. (Apr 2016). "MGMT methylation assessment in glioblastoma: MS-MLPA versus human methylation 450K beadchip array and immunohistochemistry.". Clin Transl Oncol 18 (4): 391-7. doi:10.1007/s12094-015-1381-0. PMID 26289551.