Difference between revisions of "Urinary bladder"

Jump to navigation Jump to search

Urinary bladder (view source)

Revision as of 03:23, 17 January 2017

5,761 bytes added ,  03:23, 17 January 2017
→‎Urinary bladder cancer: create
(create)
 
 
(50 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
The '''urinary bladder''' stores urine until one has to go wee-wee. It is common afflicited by cancer.  The most common type of cancer to affect the bladder is ''urothelial carcinoma'', which is covered in the ''[[urothelium]]'' article.
The '''urinary bladder''' stores urine between urination, i.e. trips to the washroom to go pee. It gets the urine from the [[ureter]]s and exspells it via the [[urethra]].


==See also==
It is commonly afflicted by [[cancer]]. A well-know mimicker of cancer is ''[[malakoplakia]]''.<ref name=pmid17102055>{{cite journal |author=Wong-You-Cheong JJ, Woodward PJ, Manning MA, Davis CJ |title=From the archives of the AFIP: Inflammatory and nonneoplastic bladder masses: radiologic-pathologic correlation |journal=Radiographics |volume=26 |issue=6 |pages=1847–68 |year=2006 |pmid=17102055 |doi=10.1148/rg.266065126 |url=}}</ref>
*[[Genitourinary pathology]]
 
=Normal=
===Microscopic===
*Muscularis mucosae - thin, discontinuous.
*Fat - many be in lamina propria.
 
Note:
*On TURBT - don't ever call pT3.
 
=Grossing=
:[[AKA]] ''cut-up''.
{{Main|Partial cystectomy}}
{{Main|Radical cystectomy}}
{{Main|Cystoprostatectomy}}
 
=Urinary bladder cancer=
The most common type of cancer to affect the bladder is ''urothelial carcinoma''. This is covered in the ''[[urothelium]]'' article.
 
Risk factors for bladder cancer ''SEX LIC'':
*[[Schistosoma haematobium|'''S'''chistomsoma haematobium]] - esp. squamous cell carcinoma.<ref name=pmid17483025/>
*'''EX'''trophy of the bladder.
*'''L'''ithiasis.
*'''I'''ndwelling catheter ''or'' chronic '''I'''nflammation.<ref name=pmid17483025>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Michaud | first1 = DS. | title = Chronic inflammation and bladder cancer. | journal = Urol Oncol | volume = 25 | issue = 3 | pages = 260-8 | month =  | year =  | doi = 10.1016/j.urolonc.2006.10.002 | PMID = 17483025 }}</ref>
*'''C'''yclophosphamide.
 
DDx:
*[[Urothelial carcinoma]] - most common in the Western world.
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder]] - most common in areas with ''Schistosoma''.
*Adenocarcinoma.
**[[Urachal adenocarcinoma]].
**[[Primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder]].
**Metastatic adenocarcinoma - usu. [[colorectal adenocarcinoma]].
*Other tumours - rare.
**Rhabdomyosarcomatous tumour.
**[[Rhabdomyosarcoma]].<ref name=pmid21762516>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Bing | first1 = Z. | last2 = Zhang | first2 = PJ. | title = Adult urinary bladder tumors with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation: clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical studies. | journal = Diagn Pathol | volume = 6 | issue =  | pages = 66 | month =  | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1186/1746-1596-6-66 | PMID = 21762516 }}</ref>
 
==Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder==
{{Main|Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder}}
*Rare type of bladder cancer.
*''Urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation'' is much more common.
 
==Urachal carcinoma==
{{Main|Urachal carcinoma}}
 
==Rhabdomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder==
{{Main|Rhabdomyosarcoma}}
===General===
*Considered extremely rare in adults.<ref name=pmid21762516>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Bing | first1 = Z. | last2 = Zhang | first2 = PJ. | title = Adult urinary bladder tumors with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation: clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical studies. | journal = Diagn Pathol | volume = 6 | issue =  | pages = 66 | month =  | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1186/1746-1596-6-66 | PMID = 21762516 }}</ref>
 
===Microscopic===
:See ''[[rhabdomyosarcoma]]''.
 
DDx:
*Rhabdomyosarcomatous sarcomatoid carcinoma - more common than RMS in adults.
**Requires the identification of a carcinoma component.
*Rhabdomyomatous tumour.<ref name=pmid21762516>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Bing | first1 = Z. | last2 = Zhang | first2 = PJ. | title = Adult urinary bladder tumors with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation: clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical studies. | journal = Diagn Pathol | volume = 6 | issue =  | pages = 66 | month =  | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1186/1746-1596-6-66 | PMID = 21762516 }}</ref>
**Used if no carcinomatous component is identified with extensive sampling.
*[[Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder]].
**Should be positive for [[keratins]] and chromogranin A.
 
===IHC===
Features:<ref name=pmid21762516>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Bing | first1 = Z. | last2 = Zhang | first2 = PJ. | title = Adult urinary bladder tumors with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation: clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical studies. | journal = Diagn Pathol | volume = 6 | issue =  | pages = 66 | month =  | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1186/1746-1596-6-66 | PMID = 21762516 }}</ref>
*Desmin +ve.
*Myogenin +ve.
*Keratins -ve.
 
==Metastasis to the urinary bladder==
{{Main|Urinary bladder metastasis}}
 
=Other=
==Urinary bladder infarct==
{{Main|Infarction}}
===General===
*Case report rare - as the organ has many colaterals.<ref name=pmid3394185>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Nino-Murcia | first1 = M. | last2 = Friedland | first2 = GW. | title = Bladder infarct. | journal = Urol Radiol | volume = 9 | issue = 4 | pages = 234-6 | month =  | year = 1988 | doi =  | PMID = 3394185 }}</ref>
*May be seen in association with [[pseudocarcinomatous urothelial hyperplasia]].<ref name=pmid23228381>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Kryvenko | first1 = ON. | last2 = Epstein | first2 = JI. | title = Pseudocarcinomatous urothelial hyperplasia of the bladder: clinical findings and followup of 70 patients. | journal = J Urol | volume = 189 | issue = 6 | pages = 2083-6 | month = Jun | year = 2013 | doi = 10.1016/j.juro.2012.12.005 | PMID = 23228381 }}</ref>
 
===Microscopic===
Features:<ref name=pmid3394185/>
*[[Necrosis]] without liquefaction.
**Outlines of cells visible.
**No nuclei present.
 
Note:
*Liquefaction implies an infectious etiology.<ref name=pmid3394185/>
 
==Urinary bladder amyloidosis==
{{Main|Urinary bladder amyloidosis}}
 
==Tubular adenoma of the urinary bladder==
{{Main|Tubular adenoma of the urinary tract}}
 
==Keratinising squamous metaplasia of the urinary bladder==
{{Main|Keratinising squamous metaplasia of the urinary bladder}}
 
==Leiomyoma of the urinary bladder==
{{Main|Leiomyoma of the urinary bladder}}
 
==Cystitis==
:See ''[[urothelium]]''.
 
=See also=
*[[Genitourinary pathology]].
*[[Urothelium]].
 
=References=
{{Reflist|1}}


[[Category:Genitourinary pathology]]
[[Category:Genitourinary pathology]]
[[Category:Urinary bladder]]
Michael
48,466

edits

Retrieved from "https://librepathology.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/351...46766"

Navigation menu