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Difference between revisions of "Urinary bladder"
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The '''urinary bladder''' stores urine | The '''urinary bladder''' stores urine between urination, i.e. trips to the washroom to go pee. It gets the urine from the [[ureter]]s and exspells it via the [[urethra]]. | ||
It is commonly afflicted by cancer. | It is commonly afflicted by [[cancer]]. A well-know mimicker of cancer is ''[[malakoplakia]]''.<ref name=pmid17102055>{{cite journal |author=Wong-You-Cheong JJ, Woodward PJ, Manning MA, Davis CJ |title=From the archives of the AFIP: Inflammatory and nonneoplastic bladder masses: radiologic-pathologic correlation |journal=Radiographics |volume=26 |issue=6 |pages=1847–68 |year=2006 |pmid=17102055 |doi=10.1148/rg.266065126 |url=}}</ref> | ||
A well-know mimicker of cancer is ''[[malakoplakia]]''.<ref name=pmid17102055>{{cite journal |author=Wong-You-Cheong JJ, Woodward PJ, Manning MA, Davis CJ |title=From the archives of the AFIP: Inflammatory and nonneoplastic bladder masses: radiologic-pathologic correlation |journal=Radiographics |volume=26 |issue=6 |pages=1847–68 |year=2006 |pmid=17102055 |doi=10.1148/rg.266065126 |url=}}</ref> | |||
=Normal= | =Normal= | ||
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Note: | Note: | ||
*On TURBT - don't ever call | *On TURBT - don't ever call pT3. | ||
=Grossing= | |||
:[[AKA]] ''cut-up''. | |||
{{Main|Partial cystectomy}} | |||
{{Main|Radical cystectomy}} | |||
{{Main|Cystoprostatectomy}} | |||
=Urinary bladder cancer= | =Urinary bladder cancer= | ||
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*[[Urothelial carcinoma]] - most common in the Western world. | *[[Urothelial carcinoma]] - most common in the Western world. | ||
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder]] - most common in areas with ''Schistosoma''. | *[[Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder]] - most common in areas with ''Schistosoma''. | ||
*Adenocarcinoma - | *Adenocarcinoma. | ||
**[[Urachal adenocarcinoma]]. | |||
**[[Primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder]]. | |||
**Metastatic adenocarcinoma - usu. [[colorectal adenocarcinoma]]. | |||
*Other tumours - rare. | |||
**Rhabdomyosarcomatous tumour. | |||
**[[Rhabdomyosarcoma]].<ref name=pmid21762516>{{Cite journal | last1 = Bing | first1 = Z. | last2 = Zhang | first2 = PJ. | title = Adult urinary bladder tumors with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation: clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical studies. | journal = Diagn Pathol | volume = 6 | issue = | pages = 66 | month = | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1186/1746-1596-6-66 | PMID = 21762516 }}</ref> | |||
==Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder== | ==Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder== | ||
{{Main|Squamous cell carcinoma}} | {{Main|Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder}} | ||
*Rare type of bladder cancer. | |||
* | *''Urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation'' is much more common. | ||
* | |||
== | ==Urachal carcinoma== | ||
{{Main|Urachal carcinoma}} | |||
== | ==Rhabdomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder== | ||
{{Main|Rhabdomyosarcoma}} | |||
===General=== | ===General=== | ||
* | *Considered extremely rare in adults.<ref name=pmid21762516>{{Cite journal | last1 = Bing | first1 = Z. | last2 = Zhang | first2 = PJ. | title = Adult urinary bladder tumors with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation: clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical studies. | journal = Diagn Pathol | volume = 6 | issue = | pages = 66 | month = | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1186/1746-1596-6-66 | PMID = 21762516 }}</ref> | ||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic=== | ||
:See ''[[rhabdomyosarcoma]]''. | |||
DDx: | DDx: | ||
* | *Rhabdomyosarcomatous sarcomatoid carcinoma - more common than RMS in adults. | ||
* | **Requires the identification of a carcinoma component. | ||
* | *Rhabdomyomatous tumour.<ref name=pmid21762516>{{Cite journal | last1 = Bing | first1 = Z. | last2 = Zhang | first2 = PJ. | title = Adult urinary bladder tumors with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation: clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical studies. | journal = Diagn Pathol | volume = 6 | issue = | pages = 66 | month = | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1186/1746-1596-6-66 | PMID = 21762516 }}</ref> | ||
**Used if no carcinomatous component is identified with extensive sampling. | |||
==== | *[[Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder]]. | ||
< | **Should be positive for [[keratins]] and chromogranin A. | ||
===IHC=== | ===IHC=== | ||
Features:<ref name= | Features:<ref name=pmid21762516>{{Cite journal | last1 = Bing | first1 = Z. | last2 = Zhang | first2 = PJ. | title = Adult urinary bladder tumors with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation: clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical studies. | journal = Diagn Pathol | volume = 6 | issue = | pages = 66 | month = | year = 2011 | doi = 10.1186/1746-1596-6-66 | PMID = 21762516 }}</ref> | ||
* | *Desmin +ve. | ||
*Myogenin +ve. | |||
*Keratins -ve. | |||
* | |||
* | |||
==Metastasis to the urinary bladder== | |||
{{Main|Urinary bladder metastasis}} | |||
=Other= | |||
==Urinary bladder infarct== | ==Urinary bladder infarct== | ||
{{Main|Infarction}} | {{Main|Infarction}} | ||
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*Liquefaction implies an infectious etiology.<ref name=pmid3394185/> | *Liquefaction implies an infectious etiology.<ref name=pmid3394185/> | ||
== | ==Urinary bladder amyloidosis== | ||
{{Main| | {{Main|Urinary bladder amyloidosis}} | ||
==Tubular adenoma of the urinary bladder== | |||
{{Main|Tubular adenoma of the urinary tract}} | |||
==Keratinising squamous metaplasia of the urinary bladder== | |||
{{Main|Keratinising squamous metaplasia of the urinary bladder}} | |||
==Leiomyoma of the urinary bladder== | |||
{{Main|Leiomyoma of the urinary bladder}} | |||
==Cystitis== | |||
:See ''[[urothelium]]''. | |||
=See also= | =See also= | ||
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[[Category:Genitourinary pathology]] | [[Category:Genitourinary pathology]] | ||
[[Category:Urinary bladder]] | |||