Difference between revisions of "Umbilical cord vasculitis"

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#redirect [[Placenta#Umbilical_cord_vasculitis]]
'''Umbilical cord vasculitis''' is a relatively common occurance in [[placenta|placental pathology]]. It is thought to preceed [[funisitis]] and is closely related to [[chorioamnionitis]].
 
==General==
*Usually seen together with [[chorioamnionitis]].
**May be described as the ''fetal response'' to chorioamnionitis.<ref name=pmid14749651/>
*Presence considered to be a good prognosticator.<ref name=pmid14749651>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Lahra | first1 = MM. | last2 = Jeffery | first2 = HE. | title = A fetal response to chorioamnionitis is associated with early survival after preterm birth. | journal = Am J Obstet Gynecol | volume = 190 | issue = 1 | pages = 147-51 | month = Jan | year = 2004 | doi = 10.1016/j.ajog.2003.07.012 | PMID = 14749651 }}
</ref>
 
==Microscopic==
Features:
*[[Neutrophil]]s in the vessels of the umbilical cord.
*Wharton's jelly without neutrophils.
 
Notes:
*Margination of neutrophils in the affected vessels is usually seen, and (in theory) precedes the development of vasculitis.
*Umbilical vein involvement (umbilical phlebitis) precedes umbilical artery involvement (umbilical arteritis).<ref name=pmid21090086>{{Cite journal  | last1 = Vedovato | first1 = S. | last2 = Zanardo | first2 = V. | title = [Chorioamnionitis and inflammatory disease in the premature newborn infant]. | journal = Minerva Pediatr | volume = 62 | issue = 3 Suppl 1 | pages = 155-6 | month = Jun | year = 2010 | doi =  | PMID = 21090086 }}</ref>
 
DDx:
*[[Funisitis]] - neutrophils are ''also'' in the connective tissue of the umbilical cord (Wharton's jelly).
 
===Grading===
Umbilical cord vasculitis:<ref name=Ref_Sternberg4_2311>{{Ref Sternberg4|2311}}</ref>
* +0.5 for each vessel.
* +0.5 for each vessel with severe involvement.
 
===Image===
<gallery>
Image:Chorial vasculitis and chorioamnionitis in AIS, HE 4.jpg |Vasculitis. (WC)
</gallery>
 
==See also==
*[[Chorioamnionitis]].
 
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}


[[Category:Diagnosis]]
[[Category:Diagnosis]]
[[Category:Placenta]]

Revision as of 04:17, 30 March 2014

Umbilical cord vasculitis is a relatively common occurance in placental pathology. It is thought to preceed funisitis and is closely related to chorioamnionitis.

General

  • Usually seen together with chorioamnionitis.
    • May be described as the fetal response to chorioamnionitis.[1]
  • Presence considered to be a good prognosticator.[1]

Microscopic

Features:

  • Neutrophils in the vessels of the umbilical cord.
  • Wharton's jelly without neutrophils.

Notes:

  • Margination of neutrophils in the affected vessels is usually seen, and (in theory) precedes the development of vasculitis.
  • Umbilical vein involvement (umbilical phlebitis) precedes umbilical artery involvement (umbilical arteritis).[2]

DDx:

  • Funisitis - neutrophils are also in the connective tissue of the umbilical cord (Wharton's jelly).

Grading

Umbilical cord vasculitis:[3]

  • +0.5 for each vessel.
  • +0.5 for each vessel with severe involvement.

Image

See also

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Lahra, MM.; Jeffery, HE. (Jan 2004). "A fetal response to chorioamnionitis is associated with early survival after preterm birth.". Am J Obstet Gynecol 190 (1): 147-51. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2003.07.012. PMID 14749651.
  2. Vedovato, S.; Zanardo, V. (Jun 2010). "[Chorioamnionitis and inflammatory disease in the premature newborn infant].". Minerva Pediatr 62 (3 Suppl 1): 155-6. PMID 21090086.
  3. Mills, Stacey E; Carter, Darryl; Greenson, Joel K; Oberman, Harold A; Reuter, Victor E (2004). Sternberg's Diagnostic Surgical Pathology (4th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 2311. ISBN 978-0781740517.