Talk:Intraepithelial lymphocytes

Small Bowel, Excision during Gastric Bypass:
	- Small bowel wall with increased intraepithelial lymphocytes, otherwise within normal limits, see comment.

Comment:
The increased intraepithelial lymphocytes are likely explained by obesity; however, other causes (such as infection, inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease) should be considered within the clinical context. 

Focally increased

Small Bowel, Excision during Gastric Bypass:
     - Small bowel wall with focally increased intraepithelial lymphocytes, 
       otherwise within normal limits, see comment.

Comment:
The focally increased intraepithelial lymphocytes may be explained by obesity. 

Longer DDx

Potential causes of increased duodenal IELs include celiac disease, gastric Helicobacter infection (not seen), giardia (not seen), stasis/bacterial overgrowth, post-infectious states including post-viral gastroenteritis (which can spontaneously resolve), medications (such as NSAIDs and olmesartan), wheat-protein allergy (usually TTG negative), tropical sprue, agammaglobulinemia (unlikely as plasma cells present) and other protein allergies.