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There are several AFB stains: | There are several AFB stains: | ||
*Ziehl-Neelson stain - used to look for ''[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]''. | *Ziehl-Neelson stain - used to look for ''[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]''. | ||
*Fite stain - used to look for ''[[Mycobacterium leprae]]'' | *Fite stain - used to look for ''[[Mycobacterium leprae]]''<ref>URL: [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/HISTHTML/MANUALS/FITES.PDF http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/HISTHTML/MANUALS/FITES.PDF]. Accessed on: 19 May 2011.</ref> and preferred stain for ''[[Mycobacterium avium complex]]''.<ref name=pmid21327589>{{cite journal |authors=Ilyas S, Youssef D, Chaudhary H, Al-Abbadi MA |title=Myocbacterium-avium intracellulare associated inflammatory pseudotumor of the anterior nasal cavity |journal=Head Neck Pathol |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=296–301 |date=September 2011 |pmid=21327589 |pmc=3173547 |doi=10.1007/s12105-011-0248-0 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Auramine-rhodamine stain. | *Auramine-rhodamine stain. | ||
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==Hale's colloidal iron stain== | ==Hale's colloidal iron stain== | ||
{{Main|Hale's colloidal iron stain}} | |||
== | ==von Kossa stain== | ||
===General=== | |||
*Type of silver stain.<ref name=pmid8360080>{{Cite journal | last1 = Rungby | first1 = J. | last2 = Kassem | first2 = M. | last3 = Eriksen | first3 = EF. | last4 = Danscher | first4 = G. | title = The von Kossa reaction for calcium deposits: silver lactate staining increases sensitivity and reduces background. | journal = Histochem J | volume = 25 | issue = 6 | pages = 446-51 | month = Jun | year = 1993 | doi = | PMID = 8360080 }}</ref> | |||
* | |||
===Use=== | ===Use=== | ||
*Look for calcium. | *Look for calcium. | ||
*Actually stains phosphates and carbonates as a surrogate for calcium. | |||
===Interpretation=== | ===Interpretation=== | ||
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*[[Cytopathology]]. | *[[Cytopathology]]. | ||
*[[Helicobacter gastritis]] - organisms are dark blue against a light blue background.<ref>URL: [http://www.ihcworld.com/_protocols/special_stains/diff_quick_ellis.htm http://www.ihcworld.com/_protocols/special_stains/diff_quick_ellis.htm]. Accessed on: 30 August 2012.</ref> | *[[Helicobacter gastritis]] - organisms are dark blue against a light blue background.<ref>URL: [http://www.ihcworld.com/_protocols/special_stains/diff_quick_ellis.htm http://www.ihcworld.com/_protocols/special_stains/diff_quick_ellis.htm]. Accessed on: 30 August 2012.</ref> | ||
====Images==== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image: Lung adenocarcinoma - Diff-Quik -- high mag.jpg | [[Pulmonary_cytopathology#Adenocarcinoma|Lung adenocarcinoma]] - DQ - high mag. (WC) | |||
Image: Lung adenocarcinoma - Diff-Quik -- very high mag.jpg | Lung adenocarcinoma - DQ - very high mag. (WC) | |||
Image: Lung small cell carcinoma - Diff-Quik -- very high mag.jpg | Lung SmCC - DQ - very high mag. (WC) | |||
Image: Lung small cell carcinoma - Diff-Quik -- extremely high mag.jpg | Lung SmCC - DQ - extremely high mag. (WC) | |||
</gallery> | |||
===Wright stain=== | ===Wright stain=== | ||
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==Papanicolaou stain== | ==Papanicolaou stain== | ||
*Abbreviated ''Pap stain''. | *Abbreviated ''Pap stain''. | ||
{{Main|Papanicolaou stain}} | |||
==Fontana-Masson stain== | ==Fontana-Masson stain== | ||
*[[AKA]] ''Masson-Fontana stain'',<ref name=pmid16081962>{{Cite journal | last1 = Gaitanis | first1 = G. | last2 = Chasapi | first2 = V. | last3 = Velegraki | first3 = A. | title = Novel application of the masson-fontana stain for demonstrating Malassezia species melanin-like pigment production in vitro and in clinical specimens. | journal = J Clin Microbiol | volume = 43 | issue = 8 | pages = 4147-51 | month = Aug | year = 2005 | doi = 10.1128/JCM.43.8.4147-4151.2005 | PMID = 16081962 }}</ref> ''Fontana-Masson stain for melanin'', ''melanin stain''. | *[[AKA]] ''Masson-Fontana stain'',<ref name=pmid16081962>{{Cite journal | last1 = Gaitanis | first1 = G. | last2 = Chasapi | first2 = V. | last3 = Velegraki | first3 = A. | title = Novel application of the masson-fontana stain for demonstrating Malassezia species melanin-like pigment production in vitro and in clinical specimens. | journal = J Clin Microbiol | volume = 43 | issue = 8 | pages = 4147-51 | month = Aug | year = 2005 | doi = 10.1128/JCM.43.8.4147-4151.2005 | PMID = 16081962 }}</ref> ''Fontana-Masson stain for melanin'', ''melanin stain''. | ||
{{Main|Fontana-Masson stain}} | |||
==Schmorl's stain== | ==Schmorl's stain== | ||
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Image: | Image: | ||
*[ | *[https://www.ole.bris.ac.uk/bbcswebdav/institution/Faculty%20of%20Health%20Sciences/Veterinary%20Science/eLearning%20resources/Pathology%20Laboratory%20Protocols/hst/msb.html MSB (bris.ac.uk)]. | ||
Ref.:<ref>URL: [http://www.bris.ac.uk/vetpath/cpl/msb.html http://www.bris.ac.uk/vetpath/cpl/msb.html]. Accessed on: 26 November 2010.</ref> | Ref.:<ref>URL: [http://www.bris.ac.uk/vetpath/cpl/msb.html http://www.bris.ac.uk/vetpath/cpl/msb.html]. Accessed on: 26 November 2010.</ref> | ||
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===General=== | ===General=== | ||
*Used in [[medical liver disease|medical liver]] biopsies - | *Used in [[medical liver disease|medical liver]] biopsies - stains sulfhydrl groups and identifies: | ||
**Copper-associated protein. | |||
**Elastin. | |||
**[[Hepatitis B]] surface antigen.<ref name=pmid7822848>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ghosh | first1 = AK. | last2 = Dasgupta | first2 = A. | last3 = Raha | first3 = K. | last4 = Jana | first4 = A. | last5 = Majumdar | first5 = DN. | title = Hepatic histology in chronic liver disease in hepatitis B surface antigen positive cases. | journal = J Indian Med Assoc | volume = 92 | issue = 10 | pages = 333-5 | month = Oct | year = 1994 | doi = | PMID = 7822848 }}</ref> | |||
===Interpretation=== | ===Interpretation=== | ||
Features:<ref>URL: [http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/pathology/protocols/shikata.html http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/pathology/protocols/shikata.html]. Accessed on: 24 January 2011.</ref> | Features:<ref>URL: [http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/pathology/protocols/shikata.html http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/pathology/protocols/shikata.html]. Accessed on: 24 January 2011.</ref> | ||
* | *Dark purple/brown = elastin fibres, HBsAg and copper-associated protein | ||
*Light purple = background | |||
*Light purple = background | *Red = nuclei (only if counter-stain used) | ||
* | |||
==Gömöri Trichrome stain== | ==Gömöri Trichrome stain== | ||
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*Yellow = muscle, fibrin, [[erythrocytes]]. | *Yellow = muscle, fibrin, [[erythrocytes]]. | ||
*Green/brown = nuclei. | *Green/brown = nuclei. | ||
====Images==== | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image: Normal visceral pleura of lung - Miller -- high mag.jpg | Miller stain showing lung tissue. (WC) | |||
</gallery> | |||
=See also= | =See also= |
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