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Difference between revisions of "Spleen"
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[[Image:Gray1188.png|thumb|300px|Spleen.]] | |||
The '''spleen''' is a forgotten organ. | The '''spleen''' is a forgotten organ. | ||
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Image:Splenic_hamartoma_-_very_low_mag.jpg | Normal spleen (left) and splenic hamartoma (right). H&E stain. (WC) | Image:Splenic_hamartoma_-_very_low_mag.jpg | Normal spleen (left) and splenic hamartoma (right). H&E stain. (WC) | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==Sign out== | |||
===Micro=== | |||
Sections show unremarkable splenic parenchyma. The nodules of white pulp are well-spaced and have germinal center formation. The red pulp has a normal vascularity and does not appear to be expanded. No nuclear atypia is apparent. | |||
=Gross pathology= | =Gross pathology= | ||
The [[grossing]] of the spleen is dealt with in [[splenectomy grossing]]. | |||
===Overview of classic gross findings=== | |||
{| class = "wikitable sortable" | {| class = "wikitable sortable" | ||
! Terminology | ! Terminology | ||
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=Splenic enlargement= | =Splenic enlargement= | ||
:''Splenomegaly'' redirects here.'' | |||
*[[Portal hypertension]] (often due to [[cirrhosis]]). | *[[Portal hypertension]] (often due to [[cirrhosis]]). | ||
*Lymphoma - see below. | *Lymphoma - see below. | ||
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**[[Budd-Chiari syndrome]] (AKA hepatic vein obstruction). | **[[Budd-Chiari syndrome]] (AKA hepatic vein obstruction). | ||
**Splenic vein thrombosis. | **Splenic vein thrombosis. | ||
*Congestive heart failure. | *[[Congestive heart failure]]. | ||
*[[Acute splenitis]]. | |||
===Red pulp malignant=== | ===Red pulp malignant=== | ||
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==Splenic hamartoma== | ==Splenic hamartoma== | ||
{{Main|Splenic hamartoma}} | |||
==Splenic infarct== | ==Splenic infarct== | ||
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==Follicular dendritic cell tumour== | ==Follicular dendritic cell tumour== | ||
*[[AKA]] ''follicular dendritic cell sarcoma''. | |||
*[[AKA]] ''follicular dendritic cell sarcoma | {{Main|Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma}} | ||
==Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma== | ==Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma== | ||
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*CD8 -ve. | *CD8 -ve. | ||
*NK cell-associated antigens +ve:<ref name=pmid9191001/> | *NK cell-associated antigens +ve:<ref name=pmid9191001/> | ||
**CD56,<ref name=pmid15458516>{{Cite journal | last1 = Niitsu | first1 = N. | last2 = Kohri | first2 = M. | last3 = Togano | first3 = T. | last4 = Nakamine | first4 = H. | last5 = Nakamura | first5 = S. | last6 = Iwabuchi | first6 = K. | last7 = Higashihara | first7 = M. | title = Development of hepatosplenic gammadelta T-cell lymphoma with pancytopenia during early pregnancy: a case report and review of the literature. | journal = Eur J Haematol | volume = 73 | issue = 5 | pages = 367-71 | month = Nov | year = 2004 | doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2004.00300.x | PMID = 15458516 }}</ref> CD11c, CD16. | **[[CD56]],<ref name=pmid15458516>{{Cite journal | last1 = Niitsu | first1 = N. | last2 = Kohri | first2 = M. | last3 = Togano | first3 = T. | last4 = Nakamine | first4 = H. | last5 = Nakamura | first5 = S. | last6 = Iwabuchi | first6 = K. | last7 = Higashihara | first7 = M. | title = Development of hepatosplenic gammadelta T-cell lymphoma with pancytopenia during early pregnancy: a case report and review of the literature. | journal = Eur J Haematol | volume = 73 | issue = 5 | pages = 367-71 | month = Nov | year = 2004 | doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2004.00300.x | PMID = 15458516 }}</ref> CD11c, CD16. | ||
*Effector proteins +ve.<ref name=pmid9191001>{{Cite journal | last1 = Salhany | first1 = KE. | last2 = Feldman | first2 = M. | last3 = Kahn | first3 = MJ. | last4 = Peritt | first4 = D. | last5 = Schretzenmair | first5 = RD. | last6 = Wilson | first6 = DM. | last7 = DiPaola | first7 = RS. | last8 = Glick | first8 = AD. | last9 = Kant | first9 = JA. | title = Hepatosplenic gammadelta T-cell lymphoma: ultrastructural, immunophenotypic, and functional evidence for cytotoxic T lymphocyte differentiation. | journal = Hum Pathol | volume = 28 | issue = 6 | pages = 674-85 | month = Jun | year = 1997 | doi = | PMID = 9191001 }}</ref> | *Effector proteins +ve.<ref name=pmid9191001>{{Cite journal | last1 = Salhany | first1 = KE. | last2 = Feldman | first2 = M. | last3 = Kahn | first3 = MJ. | last4 = Peritt | first4 = D. | last5 = Schretzenmair | first5 = RD. | last6 = Wilson | first6 = DM. | last7 = DiPaola | first7 = RS. | last8 = Glick | first8 = AD. | last9 = Kant | first9 = JA. | title = Hepatosplenic gammadelta T-cell lymphoma: ultrastructural, immunophenotypic, and functional evidence for cytotoxic T lymphocyte differentiation. | journal = Hum Pathol | volume = 28 | issue = 6 | pages = 674-85 | month = Jun | year = 1997 | doi = | PMID = 9191001 }}</ref> | ||
**Perforin, granzyme B, TIA-1, Fas ligand. | **Perforin, granzyme B, TIA-1, Fas ligand. | ||
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==Myelolipoma of the spleen== | ==Myelolipoma of the spleen== | ||
{{Main|Myelolipoma}} | {{Main|Myelolipoma}} | ||
==Immune thrombocytopenic purpura== | |||
{{Main|Immune thrombocytopenic purpura}} | |||
Spleens are removed for this. | |||
==Splenogonadal fusion== | |||
{{Main|Splenogonadal fusion}} | |||
=See also= | =See also= | ||
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[[Category:Haematopathology]] | [[Category:Haematopathology]] | ||
[[Category:Spleen]] | |||